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linux
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event_inode.c
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Steven Rostedt (Google)
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Greg Kroah-Hartman
eventfs: Keep all directory links at 1
Feb 23, 2024
a49e9c7
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Feb 23, 2024
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* * event_inode.c - part of tracefs, a pseudo file system for activating tracing * * Copyright (C) 2020-23 VMware Inc, author: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> * Copyright (C) 2020-23 VMware Inc, author: Ajay Kaher <akaher@vmware.com> * Copyright (C) 2023 Google, author: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> * * eventfs is used to dynamically create inodes and dentries based on the * meta data provided by the tracing system. * * eventfs stores the meta-data of files/dirs and holds off on creating * inodes/dentries of the files. When accessed, the eventfs will create the * inodes/dentries in a just-in-time (JIT) manner. The eventfs will clean up * and delete the inodes/dentries when they are no longer referenced. */ #include <linux/fsnotify.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/namei.h> #include <linux/workqueue.h> #include <linux/security.h> #include <linux/tracefs.h> #include <linux/kref.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include "internal.h" /* * eventfs_mutex protects the eventfs_inode (ei) dentry. Any access * to the ei->dentry must be done under this mutex and after checking * if ei->is_freed is not set. When ei->is_freed is set, the dentry * is on its way to being freed after the last dput() is made on it. */ static DEFINE_MUTEX(eventfs_mutex); /* Choose something "unique" ;-) */ #define EVENTFS_FILE_INODE_INO 0x12c4e37 /* Just try to make something consistent and unique */ static int eventfs_dir_ino(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (!ei->ino) ei->ino = get_next_ino(); return ei->ino; } /* * The eventfs_inode (ei) itself is protected by SRCU. It is released from * its parent's list and will have is_freed set (under eventfs_mutex). * After the SRCU grace period is over and the last dput() is called * the ei is freed. */ DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(eventfs_srcu); /* Mode is unsigned short, use the upper bits for flags */ enum { EVENTFS_SAVE_MODE = BIT(16), EVENTFS_SAVE_UID = BIT(17), EVENTFS_SAVE_GID = BIT(18), EVENTFS_TOPLEVEL = BIT(19), }; #define EVENTFS_MODE_MASK (EVENTFS_SAVE_MODE - 1) /* * eventfs_inode reference count management. * * NOTE! We count only references from dentries, in the * form 'dentry->d_fsdata'. There are also references from * directory inodes ('ti->private'), but the dentry reference * count is always a superset of the inode reference count. */ static void release_ei(struct kref *ref) { struct eventfs_inode *ei = container_of(ref, struct eventfs_inode, kref); WARN_ON_ONCE(!ei->is_freed); kfree(ei->entry_attrs); kfree_const(ei->name); kfree_rcu(ei, rcu); } static inline void put_ei(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (ei) kref_put(&ei->kref, release_ei); } static inline void free_ei(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (ei) { ei->is_freed = 1; put_ei(ei); } } static inline struct eventfs_inode *get_ei(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (ei) kref_get(&ei->kref); return ei; } static struct dentry *eventfs_root_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags); static int eventfs_iterate(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx); static void update_attr(struct eventfs_attr *attr, struct iattr *iattr) { unsigned int ia_valid = iattr->ia_valid; if (ia_valid & ATTR_MODE) { attr->mode = (attr->mode & ~EVENTFS_MODE_MASK) | (iattr->ia_mode & EVENTFS_MODE_MASK) | EVENTFS_SAVE_MODE; } if (ia_valid & ATTR_UID) { attr->mode |= EVENTFS_SAVE_UID; attr->uid = iattr->ia_uid; } if (ia_valid & ATTR_GID) { attr->mode |= EVENTFS_SAVE_GID; attr->gid = iattr->ia_gid; } } static int eventfs_set_attr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr) { const struct eventfs_entry *entry; struct eventfs_inode *ei; const char *name; int ret; mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); ei = dentry->d_fsdata; if (ei->is_freed) { /* Do not allow changes if the event is about to be removed. */ mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); return -ENODEV; } /* Preallocate the children mode array if necessary */ if (!(dentry->d_inode->i_mode & S_IFDIR)) { if (!ei->entry_attrs) { ei->entry_attrs = kcalloc(ei->nr_entries, sizeof(*ei->entry_attrs), GFP_NOFS); if (!ei->entry_attrs) { ret = -ENOMEM; goto out; } } } ret = simple_setattr(idmap, dentry, iattr); if (ret < 0) goto out; /* * If this is a dir, then update the ei cache, only the file * mode is saved in the ei->m_children, and the ownership is * determined by the parent directory. */ if (dentry->d_inode->i_mode & S_IFDIR) { /* * The events directory dentry is never freed, unless its * part of an instance that is deleted. It's attr is the * default for its child files and directories. * Do not update it. It's not used for its own mode or ownership. */ if (ei->is_events) { /* But it still needs to know if it was modified */ if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID) ei->attr.mode |= EVENTFS_SAVE_UID; if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID) ei->attr.mode |= EVENTFS_SAVE_GID; } else { update_attr(&ei->attr, iattr); } } else { name = dentry->d_name.name; for (int i = 0; i < ei->nr_entries; i++) { entry = &ei->entries[i]; if (strcmp(name, entry->name) == 0) { update_attr(&ei->entry_attrs[i], iattr); break; } } } out: mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); return ret; } static void update_top_events_attr(struct eventfs_inode *ei, struct super_block *sb) { struct inode *root; /* Only update if the "events" was on the top level */ if (!ei || !(ei->attr.mode & EVENTFS_TOPLEVEL)) return; /* Get the tracefs root inode. */ root = d_inode(sb->s_root); ei->attr.uid = root->i_uid; ei->attr.gid = root->i_gid; } static void set_top_events_ownership(struct inode *inode) { struct tracefs_inode *ti = get_tracefs(inode); struct eventfs_inode *ei = ti->private; /* The top events directory doesn't get automatically updated */ if (!ei || !ei->is_events || !(ei->attr.mode & EVENTFS_TOPLEVEL)) return; update_top_events_attr(ei, inode->i_sb); if (!(ei->attr.mode & EVENTFS_SAVE_UID)) inode->i_uid = ei->attr.uid; if (!(ei->attr.mode & EVENTFS_SAVE_GID)) inode->i_gid = ei->attr.gid; } static int eventfs_get_attr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags) { struct dentry *dentry = path->dentry; struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(dentry); set_top_events_ownership(inode); generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat); return 0; } static int eventfs_permission(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *inode, int mask) { set_top_events_ownership(inode); return generic_permission(idmap, inode, mask); } static const struct inode_operations eventfs_root_dir_inode_operations = { .lookup = eventfs_root_lookup, .setattr = eventfs_set_attr, .getattr = eventfs_get_attr, .permission = eventfs_permission, }; static const struct inode_operations eventfs_file_inode_operations = { .setattr = eventfs_set_attr, }; static const struct file_operations eventfs_file_operations = { .read = generic_read_dir, .iterate_shared = eventfs_iterate, .llseek = generic_file_llseek, }; /* Return the evenfs_inode of the "events" directory */ static struct eventfs_inode *eventfs_find_events(struct dentry *dentry) { struct eventfs_inode *ei; do { // The parent is stable because we do not do renames dentry = dentry->d_parent; // ... and directories always have d_fsdata ei = dentry->d_fsdata; /* * If the ei is being freed, the ownership of the children * doesn't matter. */ if (ei->is_freed) { ei = NULL; break; } // Walk upwards until you find the events inode } while (!ei->is_events); update_top_events_attr(ei, dentry->d_sb); return ei; } static void update_inode_attr(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode, struct eventfs_attr *attr, umode_t mode) { struct eventfs_inode *events_ei = eventfs_find_events(dentry); if (!events_ei) return; inode->i_mode = mode; inode->i_uid = events_ei->attr.uid; inode->i_gid = events_ei->attr.gid; if (!attr) return; if (attr->mode & EVENTFS_SAVE_MODE) inode->i_mode = attr->mode & EVENTFS_MODE_MASK; if (attr->mode & EVENTFS_SAVE_UID) inode->i_uid = attr->uid; if (attr->mode & EVENTFS_SAVE_GID) inode->i_gid = attr->gid; } /** * lookup_file - look up a file in the tracefs filesystem * @dentry: the dentry to look up * @mode: the permission that the file should have. * @attr: saved attributes changed by user * @data: something that the caller will want to get to later on. * @fop: struct file_operations that should be used for this file. * * This function creates a dentry that represents a file in the eventsfs_inode * directory. The inode.i_private pointer will point to @data in the open() * call. */ static struct dentry *lookup_file(struct eventfs_inode *parent_ei, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode, struct eventfs_attr *attr, void *data, const struct file_operations *fop) { struct tracefs_inode *ti; struct inode *inode; if (!(mode & S_IFMT)) mode |= S_IFREG; if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!S_ISREG(mode))) return ERR_PTR(-EIO); inode = tracefs_get_inode(dentry->d_sb); if (unlikely(!inode)) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); /* If the user updated the directory's attributes, use them */ update_inode_attr(dentry, inode, attr, mode); inode->i_op = &eventfs_file_inode_operations; inode->i_fop = fop; inode->i_private = data; /* All files will have the same inode number */ inode->i_ino = EVENTFS_FILE_INODE_INO; ti = get_tracefs(inode); ti->flags |= TRACEFS_EVENT_INODE; // Files have their parent's ei as their fsdata dentry->d_fsdata = get_ei(parent_ei); d_add(dentry, inode); return NULL; }; /** * lookup_dir_entry - look up a dir in the tracefs filesystem * @dentry: the directory to look up * @ei: the eventfs_inode that represents the directory to create * * This function will look up a dentry for a directory represented by * a eventfs_inode. */ static struct dentry *lookup_dir_entry(struct dentry *dentry, struct eventfs_inode *pei, struct eventfs_inode *ei) { struct tracefs_inode *ti; struct inode *inode; inode = tracefs_get_inode(dentry->d_sb); if (unlikely(!inode)) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); /* If the user updated the directory's attributes, use them */ update_inode_attr(dentry, inode, &ei->attr, S_IFDIR | S_IRWXU | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO); inode->i_op = &eventfs_root_dir_inode_operations; inode->i_fop = &eventfs_file_operations; /* All directories will have the same inode number */ inode->i_ino = eventfs_dir_ino(ei); ti = get_tracefs(inode); ti->flags |= TRACEFS_EVENT_INODE; /* Only directories have ti->private set to an ei, not files */ ti->private = ei; dentry->d_fsdata = get_ei(ei); d_add(dentry, inode); return NULL; } static inline struct eventfs_inode *alloc_ei(const char *name) { struct eventfs_inode *ei = kzalloc(sizeof(*ei), GFP_KERNEL); if (!ei) return NULL; ei->name = kstrdup_const(name, GFP_KERNEL); if (!ei->name) { kfree(ei); return NULL; } kref_init(&ei->kref); return ei; } /** * eventfs_d_release - dentry is going away * @dentry: dentry which has the reference to remove. * * Remove the association between a dentry from an eventfs_inode. */ void eventfs_d_release(struct dentry *dentry) { put_ei(dentry->d_fsdata); } /** * lookup_file_dentry - create a dentry for a file of an eventfs_inode * @ei: the eventfs_inode that the file will be created under * @idx: the index into the entry_attrs[] of the @ei * @parent: The parent dentry of the created file. * @name: The name of the file to create * @mode: The mode of the file. * @data: The data to use to set the inode of the file with on open() * @fops: The fops of the file to be created. * * Create a dentry for a file of an eventfs_inode @ei and place it into the * address located at @e_dentry. */ static struct dentry * lookup_file_dentry(struct dentry *dentry, struct eventfs_inode *ei, int idx, umode_t mode, void *data, const struct file_operations *fops) { struct eventfs_attr *attr = NULL; if (ei->entry_attrs) attr = &ei->entry_attrs[idx]; return lookup_file(ei, dentry, mode, attr, data, fops); } /** * eventfs_root_lookup - lookup routine to create file/dir * @dir: in which a lookup is being done * @dentry: file/dir dentry * @flags: Just passed to simple_lookup() * * Used to create dynamic file/dir with-in @dir, search with-in @ei * list, if @dentry found go ahead and create the file/dir */ static struct dentry *eventfs_root_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags) { struct eventfs_inode *ei_child; struct tracefs_inode *ti; struct eventfs_inode *ei; const char *name = dentry->d_name.name; struct dentry *result = NULL; ti = get_tracefs(dir); if (!(ti->flags & TRACEFS_EVENT_INODE)) return ERR_PTR(-EIO); mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); ei = ti->private; if (!ei || ei->is_freed) goto out; list_for_each_entry(ei_child, &ei->children, list) { if (strcmp(ei_child->name, name) != 0) continue; if (ei_child->is_freed) goto out; result = lookup_dir_entry(dentry, ei, ei_child); goto out; } for (int i = 0; i < ei->nr_entries; i++) { void *data; umode_t mode; const struct file_operations *fops; const struct eventfs_entry *entry = &ei->entries[i]; if (strcmp(name, entry->name) != 0) continue; data = ei->data; if (entry->callback(name, &mode, &data, &fops) <= 0) goto out; result = lookup_file_dentry(dentry, ei, i, mode, data, fops); goto out; } out: mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); return result; } /* * Walk the children of a eventfs_inode to fill in getdents(). */ static int eventfs_iterate(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx) { const struct file_operations *fops; struct inode *f_inode = file_inode(file); const struct eventfs_entry *entry; struct eventfs_inode *ei_child; struct tracefs_inode *ti; struct eventfs_inode *ei; const char *name; umode_t mode; int idx; int ret = -EINVAL; int ino; int i, r, c; if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx)) return 0; ti = get_tracefs(f_inode); if (!(ti->flags & TRACEFS_EVENT_INODE)) return -EINVAL; c = ctx->pos - 2; idx = srcu_read_lock(&eventfs_srcu); mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); ei = READ_ONCE(ti->private); if (ei && ei->is_freed) ei = NULL; mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); if (!ei) goto out; /* * Need to create the dentries and inodes to have a consistent * inode number. */ ret = 0; /* Start at 'c' to jump over already read entries */ for (i = c; i < ei->nr_entries; i++, ctx->pos++) { void *cdata = ei->data; entry = &ei->entries[i]; name = entry->name; mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); /* If ei->is_freed then just bail here, nothing more to do */ if (ei->is_freed) { mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); goto out; } r = entry->callback(name, &mode, &cdata, &fops); mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); if (r <= 0) continue; ino = EVENTFS_FILE_INODE_INO; if (!dir_emit(ctx, name, strlen(name), ino, DT_REG)) goto out; } /* Subtract the skipped entries above */ c -= min((unsigned int)c, (unsigned int)ei->nr_entries); list_for_each_entry_srcu(ei_child, &ei->children, list, srcu_read_lock_held(&eventfs_srcu)) { if (c > 0) { c--; continue; } ctx->pos++; if (ei_child->is_freed) continue; name = ei_child->name; ino = eventfs_dir_ino(ei_child); if (!dir_emit(ctx, name, strlen(name), ino, DT_DIR)) goto out_dec; } ret = 1; out: srcu_read_unlock(&eventfs_srcu, idx); return ret; out_dec: /* Incremented ctx->pos without adding something, reset it */ ctx->pos--; goto out; } /** * eventfs_create_dir - Create the eventfs_inode for this directory * @name: The name of the directory to create. * @parent: The eventfs_inode of the parent directory. * @entries: A list of entries that represent the files under this directory * @size: The number of @entries * @data: The default data to pass to the files (an entry may override it). * * This function creates the descriptor to represent a directory in the * eventfs. This descriptor is an eventfs_inode, and it is returned to be * used to create other children underneath. * * The @entries is an array of eventfs_entry structures which has: * const char *name * eventfs_callback callback; * * The name is the name of the file, and the callback is a pointer to a function * that will be called when the file is reference (either by lookup or by * reading a directory). The callback is of the prototype: * * int callback(const char *name, umode_t *mode, void **data, * const struct file_operations **fops); * * When a file needs to be created, this callback will be called with * name = the name of the file being created (so that the same callback * may be used for multiple files). * mode = a place to set the file's mode * data = A pointer to @data, and the callback may replace it, which will * cause the file created to pass the new data to the open() call. * fops = the fops to use for the created file. * * NB. @callback is called while holding internal locks of the eventfs * system. The callback must not call any code that might also call into * the tracefs or eventfs system or it will risk creating a deadlock. */ struct eventfs_inode *eventfs_create_dir(const char *name, struct eventfs_inode *parent, const struct eventfs_entry *entries, int size, void *data) { struct eventfs_inode *ei; if (!parent) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); ei = alloc_ei(name); if (!ei) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); ei->entries = entries; ei->nr_entries = size; ei->data = data; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->children); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->list); mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); if (!parent->is_freed) list_add_tail(&ei->list, &parent->children); mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); /* Was the parent freed? */ if (list_empty(&ei->list)) { free_ei(ei); ei = NULL; } return ei; } /** * eventfs_create_events_dir - create the top level events directory * @name: The name of the top level directory to create. * @parent: Parent dentry for this file in the tracefs directory. * @entries: A list of entries that represent the files under this directory * @size: The number of @entries * @data: The default data to pass to the files (an entry may override it). * * This function creates the top of the trace event directory. * * See eventfs_create_dir() for use of @entries. */ struct eventfs_inode *eventfs_create_events_dir(const char *name, struct dentry *parent, const struct eventfs_entry *entries, int size, void *data) { struct dentry *dentry = tracefs_start_creating(name, parent); struct eventfs_inode *ei; struct tracefs_inode *ti; struct inode *inode; kuid_t uid; kgid_t gid; if (security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS)) return NULL; if (IS_ERR(dentry)) return ERR_CAST(dentry); ei = alloc_ei(name); if (!ei) goto fail; inode = tracefs_get_inode(dentry->d_sb); if (unlikely(!inode)) goto fail; // Note: we have a ref to the dentry from tracefs_start_creating() ei->events_dir = dentry; ei->entries = entries; ei->nr_entries = size; ei->is_events = 1; ei->data = data; /* Save the ownership of this directory */ uid = d_inode(dentry->d_parent)->i_uid; gid = d_inode(dentry->d_parent)->i_gid; /* * If the events directory is of the top instance, then parent * is NULL. Set the attr.mode to reflect this and its permissions will * default to the tracefs root dentry. */ if (!parent) ei->attr.mode = EVENTFS_TOPLEVEL; /* This is used as the default ownership of the files and directories */ ei->attr.uid = uid; ei->attr.gid = gid; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->children); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->list); ti = get_tracefs(inode); ti->flags |= TRACEFS_EVENT_INODE | TRACEFS_EVENT_TOP_INODE; ti->private = ei; inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRWXU | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO; inode->i_uid = uid; inode->i_gid = gid; inode->i_op = &eventfs_root_dir_inode_operations; inode->i_fop = &eventfs_file_operations; dentry->d_fsdata = get_ei(ei); /* * Keep all eventfs directories with i_nlink == 1. * Due to the dynamic nature of the dentry creations and not * wanting to add a pointer to the parent eventfs_inode in the * eventfs_inode structure, keeping the i_nlink in sync with the * number of directories would cause too much complexity for * something not worth much. Keeping directory links at 1 * tells userspace not to trust the link number. */ d_instantiate(dentry, inode); /* The dentry of the "events" parent does keep track though */ inc_nlink(dentry->d_parent->d_inode); fsnotify_mkdir(dentry->d_parent->d_inode, dentry); tracefs_end_creating(dentry); return ei; fail: free_ei(ei); tracefs_failed_creating(dentry); return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); } /** * eventfs_remove_rec - remove eventfs dir or file from list * @ei: eventfs_inode to be removed. * @level: prevent recursion from going more than 3 levels deep. * * This function recursively removes eventfs_inodes which * contains info of files and/or directories. */ static void eventfs_remove_rec(struct eventfs_inode *ei, int level) { struct eventfs_inode *ei_child; /* * Check recursion depth. It should never be greater than 3: * 0 - events/ * 1 - events/group/ * 2 - events/group/event/ * 3 - events/group/event/file */ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(level > 3)) return; /* search for nested folders or files */ list_for_each_entry(ei_child, &ei->children, list) eventfs_remove_rec(ei_child, level + 1); list_del(&ei->list); free_ei(ei); } /** * eventfs_remove_dir - remove eventfs dir or file from list * @ei: eventfs_inode to be removed. * * This function acquire the eventfs_mutex lock and call eventfs_remove_rec() */ void eventfs_remove_dir(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (!ei) return; mutex_lock(&eventfs_mutex); eventfs_remove_rec(ei, 0); mutex_unlock(&eventfs_mutex); } /** * eventfs_remove_events_dir - remove the top level eventfs directory * @ei: the event_inode returned by eventfs_create_events_dir(). * * This function removes the events main directory */ void eventfs_remove_events_dir(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { struct dentry *dentry; dentry = ei->events_dir; if (!dentry) return; ei->events_dir = NULL; eventfs_remove_dir(ei); /* * Matches the dget() done by tracefs_start_creating() * in eventfs_create_events_dir() when it the dentry was * created. In other words, it's a normal dentry that * sticks around while the other ei->dentry are created * and destroyed dynamically. */ d_invalidate(dentry); dput(dentry); }
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