diff --git a/drivers/xen/xenbus/xenbus_probe.c b/drivers/xen/xenbus/xenbus_probe.c
index 58b732dcbfb83..639bf628389ba 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/xenbus/xenbus_probe.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/xenbus/xenbus_probe.c
@@ -811,6 +811,9 @@ static int xenbus_probe_thread(void *unused)
 
 static int __init xenbus_probe_initcall(void)
 {
+	if (!xen_domain())
+		return -ENODEV;
+
 	/*
 	 * Probe XenBus here in the XS_PV case, and also XS_HVM unless we
 	 * need to wait for the platform PCI device to come up or