libfs: fix infoleak in simple_attr_read()

Reading from a debugfs file at a nonzero position, without first reading
at position 0, leaks uninitialized memory to userspace.

It's a bit tricky to do this, since lseek() and pread() aren't allowed
on these files, and write() doesn't update the position on them.  But
writing to them with splice() *does* update the position:

	#define _GNU_SOURCE 1
	#include <fcntl.h>
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <unistd.h>
	int main()
	{
		int pipes[2], fd, n, i;
		char buf[32];

		pipe(pipes);
		write(pipes[1], "0", 1);
		fd = open("/sys/kernel/debug/fault_around_bytes", O_RDWR);
		splice(pipes[0], NULL, fd, NULL, 1, 0);
		n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
			printf("%02x", buf[i]);
		printf("\n");
	}

Output:
	5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a30

Fix the infoleak by making simple_attr_read() always fill
simple_attr::get_buf if it hasn't been filled yet.

Reported-by: syzbot+fcab69d1ada3e8d6f06b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Fixes: acaefc2 ("[PATCH] libfs: add simple attribute files")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200308023849.988264-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

fs/libfs.c

@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ int simple_attr_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 {
 	struct simple_attr *attr;
 
-	attr = kmalloc(sizeof(*attr), GFP_KERNEL);
+	attr = kzalloc(sizeof(*attr), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!attr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -931,9 +931,11 @@ ssize_t simple_attr_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (*ppos) {		/* continued read */
+	if (*ppos && attr->get_buf[0]) {
+		/* continued read */
 		size = strlen(attr->get_buf);
-	} else {		/* first read */
+	} else {
+		/* first read */
 		u64 val;
 		ret = attr->get(attr->data, &val);
 		if (ret)