diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index eb96dc9..6a948f5 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 /paperless-ngx-*
 /pngquant-*
 /Python-*
+/redis-*
 /sqlite-*
 /tessconfigs
 /tessdata
diff --git a/nginx.conf.build.sh b/nginx.conf.build.sh
index 8b3fbf6..9a8713e 100755
--- a/nginx.conf.build.sh
+++ b/nginx.conf.build.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ set -u
 
 . build.profile
 
-CONF=${PROJECT}/conf/nginx.conf
+CONF=${PROJECT}/${BUILD_nginx}/conf/nginx.conf
 tee ${CONF} <<_EOP_
 # generated by ${0} in $PWD
 
diff --git a/startstop-paperless.build.sh b/startstop-paperless.build.sh
index ecc1e42..05a2d47 100755
--- a/startstop-paperless.build.sh
+++ b/startstop-paperless.build.sh
@@ -59,64 +59,6 @@ ExecStart=/bin/bash -c '. ../../profile && celery --app paperless worker --logle
 WantedBy=default.target
 _EOS_
 
-####################################################
-slurp SDS["paperless-${BUILD_TAG}-webserver.service"] <<'_EOS_'
-[Unit]
-Description=Paperless webserver
-After=network.target
-Wants=network.target
-#Requires=paperless-webserver.socket
-
-[Service]
-WorkingDirectory=${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx/src
-ExecStart=/bin/bash -c '. ../../profile && gunicorn -c ../gunicorn.conf.py paperless.asgi:application --bind=unix:${DEVSHM}/gunicorn.sock'
-StandardOutput=append:${PAPERLESS_LOGGING_DIR}/gunicorn-stdout.log
-StandardError=append:${PAPERLESS_LOGGING_DIR}/gunicorn-stderr.log
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=default.target
-_EOS_
-
-####################################################
-slurp SDS["paperless-${BUILD_TAG}-redis.service"] <<'_EOS_'
-[Unit]
-Description=Paperless redis-server
-After=network.target
-Wants=network.target
-#Requires=paperless-webserver.socket
-
-[Service]
-WorkingDirectory=${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx
-ExecStart=/bin/bash -c '. ../profile && redis-server --port 0 --unixsocket "${DEVSHM}/redis.sock"'
-StandardOutput=file:${PAPERLESS_LOGGING_DIR}/redis.log
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=default.target
-_EOS_
-
-####################################################
-slurp SDS["paperless-${BUILD_TAG}-nginx.service"] <<'_EOS_'
-[Unit]
-Description=The nginx chicken server
-After=syslog.target network-online.target
-Wants=network-online.target
-
-[Service]
-Type=forking
-PIDFile=${DEVSHM}/nginx.pid
-ExecStartPre=${PROJECT}/${BUILD_nginx}/sbin/nginx -t
-ExecStart=${PROJECT}/${BUILD_nginx}/sbin/nginx
-ExecReload=${PROJECT}/${BUILD_nginx}/nginx -s reload
-ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT ${DEVSHM}/nginx.pid
-PrivateTmp=true
-WorkingDirectory=${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx
-StandardOutput=append:${PAPERLESS_LOGGING_DIR}/nginx-stdout.log
-StandardError=append:${PAPERLESS_LOGGING_DIR}/nginx-stderr.log
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=default.target
-_EOS_
-
 ####################################################
 SVC=(\${!SDS[@]})
 
diff --git a/startstop.build.sh b/startstop.build.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..04c78fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/startstop.build.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+set -u
+
+. build.profile
+
+TO=${PROJECT}/startstop.sh
+
+install -m 755 <( cat <<_EOP_
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+set -u
+
+export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/\$(id -u \$USER)
+
+. profile
+
+cd ${PROJECT}
+
+cmd="\${1:-help}"
+srv="\${2:-all}"
+
+if [[ \${srv} = 'all' ]]; then
+  for srv in redis nginx ; do # gunicorn consumer scheduler worker; do
+    echo "### ./startstop.sh \${cmd} \${srv}"
+    ./startstop.sh \${cmd} \${srv}
+  done
+  exit
+fi
+
+echo "## ${PROJECT}"
+
+PIDFILE=${DEVSHM}/srv-\${srv}.pid
+SIDFILE=${DEVSHM}/srv-\${srv}.sid
+PGIDFILE=${DEVSHM}/srv-\${srv}.pgid
+
+function rm_pidfiles() {
+  rm -fv "\${PIDFILE}" "\${SIDFILE}" "\${PGIDFILE}"
+}
+
+#### nginx ####
+
+srv_nginx_start() {
+    nginx -t
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+    nginx -g 'daemon off;'
+}
+
+srv_nginx_restart() {
+    nginx -s reload
+}
+
+srv_nginx_stop() {
+    nginx -s quit
+}
+
+#### redis ####
+
+srv_redis_start() {
+    local _opts=(
+      --port 0
+      --unixsocket "${DEVSHM}/redis.sock"
+      --pidfile    "${DEVSHM}/redis.pid"
+    )
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+    redis-server "\${_opts[@]}"
+}
+
+#### gunicorn ####
+
+srv_gunicorn_start() {
+
+    cd "${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx/src"
+
+    _opts=(
+      --config ../gunicorn.conf.py
+      paperless.asgi:application
+      --bind "unix:${DEVSHM}/gunicorn.sock"
+      --pid "${DEVSHM}/gunicorn.pid"
+      --error-logfile "${LOGDIR}/gunicorn-error.log"
+      --access-logfile "${LOGDIR}/gunicorn-access.log"
+      --worker-tmp-dir "${DEVSHM}"
+    )
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+    gunicorn "\${_opts[@]}"
+}
+
+#### consumer ####
+
+srv_consumer_start() {
+
+    cd "${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx/src"
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+
+    ./manage.py document_consumer
+}
+
+#### scheduler ####
+
+srv_scheduler_start() {
+
+    cd "${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx/src"
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+
+    celery --app paperless beat --loglevel INFO
+}
+
+#### worker ####
+
+srv_worker_start() {
+
+    cd "${PROJECT}/paperless-ngx/src"
+    trap rm_pidfiles EXIT
+
+    celery --app paperless worker --loglevel WARNING
+}
+
+#### generic ####
+
+srv_generic_status() {
+  if [[ -s "\${PGIDFILE}" ]]; then
+    local pgid
+    read -a pgid < "\${PGIDFILE}"
+    local pids
+    pids=\$(pgrep -g \${pgid})
+    if [[ \$? = 0 ]]; then
+      ps -f --pid \${pids}
+    else
+      echo "processs group \${pgid} has no running processes for \${PGIDFILE}"
+    fi
+  else
+    if [[ -s "\${PIDFILE}" ]]; then
+      local pid
+      read -a pid < "\${PIDFILE}"
+      ps -f --pid \${pid} --ppid \${pid}
+    else
+      echo "# no pgid or pid file found: \${PGIDFILE} \${PIDFILE} "
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+srv_generic_stop() {
+  if [[ -s "\${PGIDFILE}" ]]; then
+    local pgid
+    read -a pgid < "\${PGIDFILE}"
+    echo "killing process group \${pgid}"
+    kill -- -\${pgid}
+    echo "waiting for process group \${pgid}  to die"
+    pwait --pgroup \${pgid}
+  else
+    if [[ -s "\${PIDFILE}" ]]; then
+      local pid
+      read -a pid < "\${PIDFILE}"
+      ps -f --pid \${pid} --ppid \${pid}
+    else
+      echo "# no pid file found: \${PGIDFILE}"
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+srv_generic_restart() {
+  srv_generic_stop
+  srv_generic_start
+}
+
+#### main() ####
+
+set -x
+
+if [[ \$(type -t srv_\${srv}_\${cmd}) = 'function' ]]; then
+    case "\${cmd}" in
+      start)
+        mkdir -p "${DEVSHM}" "${LOGDIR}" "${TMPDIR}"
+        [[ -s "\${PIDFILE}"  ]] && echo "# \${PIDFILE} found, refuse start of \${srv}" && exit 0
+        [[ -s "\${SIDFILE}"  ]] && echo "# \${SIDFILE} found, refuse start of \${srv}" && exit 0
+        [[ -s "\${PGIDFILE}" ]] && echo "# \${PGIDFILE} found, refuse start of \${srv}" && exit 0
+        coproc {
+          set -m
+          srv_\${srv}_\${cmd};
+        } > ${LOGDIR}/srv-\${srv}.log 2>&1
+        echo "\${COPROC_PID}" > "\${PIDFILE}"
+        ps opgid= "\${COPROC_PID}" > "\${PGIDFILE}"
+        ps osid= "\${COPROC_PID}" > "\${SIDFILE}"
+        exit
+        ;;
+      *)
+        srv_\${srv}_\${cmd}
+        exit
+        ;;
+    esac
+else
+  echo "srv_\${srv}_\${cmd}() not declared"
+  if [[ \$(type -t srv_generic_\${cmd}) = 'function' ]]; then
+    srv_generic_\${cmd}
+    exit
+  fi
+fi
+
+echo "#### oh no... ####"
+
+_EOP_
+) ${TO}