Highlight keyboard shortcuts in git-add--interactive

The user interface provided by the command loop in git-add--interactive
gives the impression that subcommands can only be launched by entering
an integer identifier from 1 through 8.

A "hidden" feature is that any string can be entered, and a regex search
anchored at the beginning of the string is used to find the uniquely
matching option.

This patch makes this feature a little more obvious by highlighting the
first character of each subcommand (for example "patch" is displayed as
"[p]atch").

A new function is added to detect the shortest unique prefix and this
is used to decide what to highlight. Highlighting is also applied when
choosing files.

In the case where the common prefix may be unreasonably large
highlighting is omitted; in this patch the soft limit (above which the
highlighting will be omitted for a particular item) is 0 (in other words,
there is no soft limit) and the hard limit (above which highlighting will
be omitted for all items) is 3, but this can be tweaked.

The actual highlighting is done by the highlight_prefix function, which
will enable us to implement ANSI color code-based highlighting (most
likely using underline or boldface) in the future.

Signed-off-by: Wincent Colaiuta <win@wincent.com>
Acked-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

git-add--interactive.perl

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ sub list_untracked {
 my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, 'staged', 'unstaged', 'path');
 
 # Returns list of hashes, contents of each of which are:
-# PRINT:	print message
 # VALUE:	pathname
 # BINARY:	is a binary path
 # INDEX:	is index different from HEAD?
@@ -133,8 +132,6 @@ sub list_modified {
 		}
 		push @return, +{
 			VALUE => $_,
-			PRINT => (sprintf $status_fmt,
-				  $it->{INDEX}, $it->{FILE}, $_),
 			%$it,
 		};
 	}
@@ -170,10 +167,82 @@ sub find_unique {
 	return $found;
 }
 
+# inserts string into trie and updates count for each character
+sub update_trie {
+	my ($trie, $string) = @_;
+	foreach (split //, $string) {
+		$trie = $trie->{$_} ||= {COUNT => 0};
+		$trie->{COUNT}++;
+	}
+}
+
+# returns an array of tuples (prefix, remainder)
+sub find_unique_prefixes {
+	my @stuff = @_;
+	my @return = ();
+
+	# any single prefix exceeding the soft limit is omitted
+	# if any prefix exceeds the hard limit all are omitted
+	# 0 indicates no limit
+	my $soft_limit = 0;
+	my $hard_limit = 3;
+
+	# build a trie modelling all possible options
+	my %trie;
+	foreach my $print (@stuff) {
+		if ((ref $print) eq 'ARRAY') {
+			$print = $print->[0];
+		}
+		else {
+			$print = $print->{VALUE};
+		}
+		update_trie(\%trie, $print);
+		push @return, $print;
+	}
+
+	# use the trie to find the unique prefixes
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @return; $i++) {
+		my $ret = $return[$i];
+		my @letters = split //, $ret;
+		my %search = %trie;
+		my ($prefix, $remainder);
+		my $j;
+		for ($j = 0; $j < @letters; $j++) {
+			my $letter = $letters[$j];
+			if ($search{$letter}{COUNT} == 1) {
+				$prefix = substr $ret, 0, $j + 1;
+				$remainder = substr $ret, $j + 1;
+				last;
+			}
+			else {
+				my $prefix = substr $ret, 0, $j;
+				return ()
+				    if ($hard_limit && $j + 1 > $hard_limit);
+			}
+			%search = %{$search{$letter}};
+		}
+		if ($soft_limit && $j + 1 > $soft_limit) {
+			$prefix = undef;
+			$remainder = $ret;
+		}
+		$return[$i] = [$prefix, $remainder];
+	}
+	return @return;
+}
+
+# given a prefix/remainder tuple return a string with the prefix highlighted
+# for now use square brackets; later might use ANSI colors (underline, bold)
+sub highlight_prefix {
+	my $prefix = shift;
+	my $remainder = shift;
+	return (defined $prefix) ? "[$prefix]$remainder" : $remainder;
+}
+
 sub list_and_choose {
 	my ($opts, @stuff) = @_;
 	my (@chosen, @return);
 	my $i;
+	my @prefixes = find_unique_prefixes(@stuff) unless $opts->{LIST_ONLY};
 
       TOPLOOP:
 	while (1) {
@@ -190,10 +259,18 @@ sub list_and_choose {
 			my $print = $stuff[$i];
 			if (ref $print) {
 				if ((ref $print) eq 'ARRAY') {
-					$print = $print->[0];
+					$print = @prefixes ?
+					    highlight_prefix(@{$prefixes[$i]}) :
+					    $print->[0];
 				}
 				else {
-					$print = $print->{PRINT};
+					my $value = @prefixes ?
+					    highlight_prefix(@{$prefixes[$i]}) :
+					    $print->{VALUE};
+					$print = sprintf($status_fmt,
+					    $print->{INDEX},
+					    $print->{FILE},
+					    $value);
 				}
 			}
 			printf("%s%2d: %s", $chosen, $i+1, $print);