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r: 143503
b: refs/heads/master
c: 9f76208
h: refs/heads/master
i:
  143501: 796280c
  143499: e9ca97d
  143495: b11a9f9
  143487: 3139489
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Linus Torvalds committed Apr 17, 2009
1 parent 942dbec commit 35a9ab0
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion [refs]
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@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
---
refs/heads/master: 557055bebe9212dfa6b9f5df811dfd0dac77ec55
refs/heads/master: 9f76208c33984ab777eace5d07a4e36e88703e02
6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions trunk/Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
What: /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]
What: /sys/kernel/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]
Date: Oct. 2006
KernelVersion: 2.6.20
Contact: Thomas Maier <balagi@justmail.de>
Expand All @@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ debugfs interface
The pktcdvd module (packet writing driver) creates
these files in debugfs:

/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/
/sys/kernel/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/
info (0444) Lots of driver statistics and infos.

Example:
-------

cat /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/info
cat /sys/kernel/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/info
19 changes: 6 additions & 13 deletions trunk/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt
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Expand Up @@ -1040,23 +1040,21 @@ Front merges are handled by the binary trees in AS and deadline schedulers.
iii. Plugging the queue to batch requests in anticipation of opportunities for
merge/sort optimizations

This is just the same as in 2.4 so far, though per-device unplugging
support is anticipated for 2.5. Also with a priority-based i/o scheduler,
such decisions could be based on request priorities.

Plugging is an approach that the current i/o scheduling algorithm resorts to so
that it collects up enough requests in the queue to be able to take
advantage of the sorting/merging logic in the elevator. If the
queue is empty when a request comes in, then it plugs the request queue
(sort of like plugging the bottom of a vessel to get fluid to build up)
(sort of like plugging the bath tub of a vessel to get fluid to build up)
till it fills up with a few more requests, before starting to service
the requests. This provides an opportunity to merge/sort the requests before
passing them down to the device. There are various conditions when the queue is
unplugged (to open up the flow again), either through a scheduled task or
could be on demand. For example wait_on_buffer sets the unplugging going
(by running tq_disk) so the read gets satisfied soon. So in the read case,
the queue gets explicitly unplugged as part of waiting for completion,
in fact all queues get unplugged as a side-effect.
through sync_buffer() running blk_run_address_space(mapping). Or the caller
can do it explicity through blk_unplug(bdev). So in the read case,
the queue gets explicitly unplugged as part of waiting for completion on that
buffer. For page driven IO, the address space ->sync_page() takes care of
doing the blk_run_address_space().

Aside:
This is kind of controversial territory, as it's not clear if plugging is
Expand All @@ -1067,11 +1065,6 @@ Aside:
multi-page bios being queued in one shot, we may not need to wait to merge
a big request from the broken up pieces coming by.

Per-queue granularity unplugging (still a Todo) may help reduce some of the
concerns with just a single tq_disk flush approach. Something like
blk_kick_queue() to unplug a specific queue (right away ?)
or optionally, all queues, is in the plan.

4.4 I/O contexts
I/O contexts provide a dynamically allocated per process data area. They may
be used in I/O schedulers, and in the block layer (could be used for IO statis,
Expand Down
55 changes: 32 additions & 23 deletions trunk/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt
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Expand Up @@ -6,15 +6,14 @@ used here with the memory controller that is used in hardware.

Salient features

a. Enable control of both RSS (mapped) and Page Cache (unmapped) pages
a. Enable control of Anonymous, Page Cache (mapped and unmapped) and
Swap Cache memory pages.
b. The infrastructure allows easy addition of other types of memory to control
c. Provides *zero overhead* for non memory controller users
d. Provides a double LRU: global memory pressure causes reclaim from the
global LRU; a cgroup on hitting a limit, reclaims from the per
cgroup LRU

NOTE: Swap Cache (unmapped) is not accounted now.

Benefits and Purpose of the memory controller

The memory controller isolates the memory behaviour of a group of tasks
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -290,34 +289,44 @@ will be charged as a new owner of it.
moved to the parent. If you want to avoid that, force_empty will be useful.

5.2 stat file
memory.stat file includes following statistics (now)
cache - # of pages from page-cache and shmem.
rss - # of pages from anonymous memory.
pgpgin - # of event of charging
pgpgout - # of event of uncharging
active_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem.
inactive_anon - # of pages on active lru of anon, shmem
active_file - # of pages on active lru of file-cache
inactive_file - # of pages on inactive lru of file cache
unevictable - # of pages cannot be reclaimed.(mlocked etc)

Below is depend on CONFIG_DEBUG_VM.
inactive_ratio - VM internal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c)
recent_rotated_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_rotated_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_scanned_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_scanned_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)

Memo:

memory.stat file includes following statistics

cache - # of bytes of page cache memory.
rss - # of bytes of anonymous and swap cache memory.
pgpgin - # of pages paged in (equivalent to # of charging events).
pgpgout - # of pages paged out (equivalent to # of uncharging events).
active_anon - # of bytes of anonymous and swap cache memory on active
lru list.
inactive_anon - # of bytes of anonymous memory and swap cache memory on
inactive lru list.
active_file - # of bytes of file-backed memory on active lru list.
inactive_file - # of bytes of file-backed memory on inactive lru list.
unevictable - # of bytes of memory that cannot be reclaimed (mlocked etc).

The following additional stats are dependent on CONFIG_DEBUG_VM.

inactive_ratio - VM internal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c)
recent_rotated_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_rotated_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_scanned_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
recent_scanned_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)

Memo:
recent_rotated means recent frequency of lru rotation.
recent_scanned means recent # of scans to lru.
showing for better debug please see the code for meanings.

Note:
Only anonymous and swap cache memory is listed as part of 'rss' stat.
This should not be confused with the true 'resident set size' or the
amount of physical memory used by the cgroup. Per-cgroup rss
accounting is not done yet.

5.3 swappiness
Similar to /proc/sys/vm/swappiness, but affecting a hierarchy of groups only.

Following cgroup's swapiness can't be changed.
Following cgroups' swapiness can't be changed.
- root cgroup (uses /proc/sys/vm/swappiness).
- a cgroup which uses hierarchy and it has child cgroup.
- a cgroup which uses hierarchy and not the root of hierarchy.
Expand Down
27 changes: 21 additions & 6 deletions trunk/Documentation/cgroups/resource_counter.txt
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Expand Up @@ -47,13 +47,18 @@ to work with it.

2. Basic accounting routines

a. void res_counter_init(struct res_counter *rc)
a. void res_counter_init(struct res_counter *rc,
struct res_counter *rc_parent)

Initializes the resource counter. As usual, should be the first
routine called for a new counter.

b. int res_counter_charge[_locked]
(struct res_counter *rc, unsigned long val)
The struct res_counter *parent can be used to define a hierarchical
child -> parent relationship directly in the res_counter structure,
NULL can be used to define no relationship.

c. int res_counter_charge(struct res_counter *rc, unsigned long val,
struct res_counter **limit_fail_at)

When a resource is about to be allocated it has to be accounted
with the appropriate resource counter (controller should determine
Expand All @@ -67,15 +72,25 @@ to work with it.
* if the charging is performed first, then it should be uncharged
on error path (if the one is called).

c. void res_counter_uncharge[_locked]
If the charging fails and a hierarchical dependency exists, the
limit_fail_at parameter is set to the particular res_counter element
where the charging failed.

d. int res_counter_charge_locked
(struct res_counter *rc, unsigned long val)

The same as res_counter_charge(), but it must not acquire/release the
res_counter->lock internally (it must be called with res_counter->lock
held).

e. void res_counter_uncharge[_locked]
(struct res_counter *rc, unsigned long val)

When a resource is released (freed) it should be de-accounted
from the resource counter it was accounted to. This is called
"uncharging".

The _locked routines imply that the res_counter->lock is taken.

The _locked routines imply that the res_counter->lock is taken.

2.1 Other accounting routines

Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion trunk/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
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Expand Up @@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@ monitoring is enabled, and vice-versa.
To add ARP targets:
# echo +192.168.0.100 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
# echo +192.168.0.101 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
NOTE: up to 10 target addresses may be specified.
NOTE: up to 16 target addresses may be specified.

To remove an ARP target:
# echo -192.168.0.100 > /sys/class/net/bond0/bonding/arp_ip_target
Expand Down
46 changes: 31 additions & 15 deletions trunk/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/i2c.txt
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Expand Up @@ -7,26 +7,42 @@ Required properties :

Recommended properties :

- compatible : Should be "fsl-i2c" for parts compatible with
Freescale I2C specifications.
- compatible : compatibility list with 2 entries, the first should
be "fsl,CHIP-i2c" where CHIP is the name of a compatible processor,
e.g. mpc8313, mpc8543, mpc8544, mpc5200 or mpc5200b. The second one
should be "fsl-i2c".
- interrupts : <a b> where a is the interrupt number and b is a
field that represents an encoding of the sense and level
information for the interrupt. This should be encoded based on
the information in section 2) depending on the type of interrupt
controller you have.
- interrupt-parent : the phandle for the interrupt controller that
services interrupts for this device.
- dfsrr : boolean; if defined, indicates that this I2C device has
a digital filter sampling rate register
- fsl5200-clocking : boolean; if defined, indicated that this device
uses the FSL 5200 clocking mechanism.

Example :
i2c@3000 {
interrupt-parent = <40000>;
interrupts = <1b 3>;
reg = <3000 18>;
device_type = "i2c";
compatible = "fsl-i2c";
dfsrr;
- fsl,preserve-clocking : boolean; if defined, the clock settings
from the bootloader are preserved (not touched).
- clock-frequency : desired I2C bus clock frequency in Hz.

Examples :

i2c@3d00 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
compatible = "fsl,mpc5200b-i2c","fsl,mpc5200-i2c","fsl-i2c";
cell-index = <0>;
reg = <0x3d00 0x40>;
interrupts = <2 15 0>;
interrupt-parent = <&mpc5200_pic>;
fsl,preserve-clocking;
};

i2c@3100 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
cell-index = <1>;
compatible = "fsl,mpc8544-i2c", "fsl-i2c";
reg = <0x3100 0x100>;
interrupts = <43 2>;
interrupt-parent = <&mpic>;
clock-frequency = <400000>;
};

4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions trunk/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt
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Expand Up @@ -169,15 +169,15 @@ PCI SSID look-up.
What `model` option values are available depends on the codec chip.
Check your codec chip from the codec proc file (see "Codec Proc-File"
section below). It will show the vendor/product name of your codec
chip. Then, see Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Modelstxt file,
chip. Then, see Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt file,
the section of HD-audio driver. You can find a list of codecs
and `model` options belonging to each codec. For example, for Realtek
ALC262 codec chip, pass `model=ultra` for devices that are compatible
with Samsung Q1 Ultra.

Thus, the first thing you can do for any brand-new, unsupported and
non-working HD-audio hardware is to check HD-audio codec and several
different `model` option values. If you have a luck, some of them
different `model` option values. If you have any luck, some of them
might suit with your device well.

Some codecs such as ALC880 have a special model option `model=test`.
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion trunk/Documentation/sysctl/net.txt
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Expand Up @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ of struct cmsghdr structures with appended data.

There is only one file in this directory.
unix_dgram_qlen limits the max number of datagrams queued in Unix domain
socket's buffer. It will not take effect unless PF_UNIX flag is spicified.
socket's buffer. It will not take effect unless PF_UNIX flag is specified.


3. /proc/sys/net/ipv4 - IPV4 settings
Expand Down
55 changes: 55 additions & 0 deletions trunk/Documentation/tomoyo.txt
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@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
--- What is TOMOYO? ---

TOMOYO is a name-based MAC extension (LSM module) for the Linux kernel.

LiveCD-based tutorials are available at
http://tomoyo.sourceforge.jp/en/1.6.x/1st-step/ubuntu8.04-live/
http://tomoyo.sourceforge.jp/en/1.6.x/1st-step/centos5-live/ .
Though these tutorials use non-LSM version of TOMOYO, they are useful for you
to know what TOMOYO is.

--- How to enable TOMOYO? ---

Build the kernel with CONFIG_SECURITY_TOMOYO=y and pass "security=tomoyo" on
kernel's command line.

Please see http://tomoyo.sourceforge.jp/en/2.2.x/ for details.

--- Where is documentation? ---

User <-> Kernel interface documentation is available at
http://tomoyo.sourceforge.jp/en/2.2.x/policy-reference.html .

Materials we prepared for seminars and symposiums are available at
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/?category_id=532&language_id=1 .
Below lists are chosen from three aspects.

What is TOMOYO?
TOMOYO Linux Overview
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/lca2009-takeda.pdf
TOMOYO Linux: pragmatic and manageable security for Linux
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/freedomhectaipei-tomoyo.pdf
TOMOYO Linux: A Practical Method to Understand and Protect Your Own Linux Box
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/PacSec2007-en-no-demo.pdf

What can TOMOYO do?
Deep inside TOMOYO Linux
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/lca2009-kumaneko.pdf
The role of "pathname based access control" in security.
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/lfj2008-bof.pdf

History of TOMOYO?
Realities of Mainlining
http://sourceforge.jp/projects/tomoyo/docs/lfj2008.pdf

--- What is future plan? ---

We believe that inode based security and name based security are complementary
and both should be used together. But unfortunately, so far, we cannot enable
multiple LSM modules at the same time. We feel sorry that you have to give up
SELinux/SMACK/AppArmor etc. when you want to use TOMOYO.

We hope that LSM becomes stackable in future. Meanwhile, you can use non-LSM
version of TOMOYO, available at http://tomoyo.sourceforge.jp/en/1.6.x/ .
LSM version of TOMOYO is a subset of non-LSM version of TOMOYO. We are planning
to port non-LSM version's functionalities to LSM versions.
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions trunk/Documentation/vm/00-INDEX
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@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
00-INDEX
- this file.
active_mm.txt
- An explanation from Linus about tsk->active_mm vs tsk->mm.
balance
- various information on memory balancing.
hugetlbpage.txt
Expand Down
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