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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions .gitignore
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Expand Up @@ -42,3 +42,6 @@ patches-*
# quilt's files
patches
series

# cscope files
cscope.*
17 changes: 13 additions & 4 deletions CREDITS
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Expand Up @@ -516,9 +516,10 @@ S: Orlando, Florida
S: USA

N: Lennert Buytenhek
E: buytenh@gnu.org
D: Rewrite of the ethernet bridging code
S: Ravenhorst 58B
E: kernel@wantstofly.org
D: Original (2.4) rewrite of the ethernet bridging code
D: Various ARM bits and pieces
S: Ravenhorst 58
S: 2317 AK Leiden
S: The Netherlands

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1808,6 +1809,14 @@ S: Kruislaan 419
S: 1098 VA Amsterdam
S: The Netherlands

N: Jiri Kosina
E: jikos@jikos.cz
E: jkosina@suse.cz
D: Generic HID layer - original code split, fixes
D: Various ACPI fixes, keeping correct battery state through suspend
D: various lockdep annotations, autofs and other random bugfixes
S: Prague, Czech Republic

N: Gene Kozin
E: 74604.152@compuserve.com
W: http://www.sangoma.com
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3270,7 +3279,7 @@ S: Sevilla 41005
S: Spain

N: Linus Torvalds
E: torvalds@osdl.org
E: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
D: Original kernel hacker
S: 12725 SW Millikan Way, Suite 400
S: Beaverton, Oregon 97005
Expand Down
20 changes: 20 additions & 0 deletions Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd
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@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
What: /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]
Date: Oct. 2006
KernelVersion: 2.6.19
Contact: Thomas Maier <balagi@justmail.de>
Description:

debugfs interface
-----------------

The pktcdvd module (packet writing driver) creates
these files in debugfs:

/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/
info (0444) Lots of human readable driver
statistics and infos. Multiple lines!

Example:
-------

cat /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/info
72 changes: 72 additions & 0 deletions Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-pktcdvd
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@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
What: /sys/class/pktcdvd/
Date: Oct. 2006
KernelVersion: 2.6.19
Contact: Thomas Maier <balagi@justmail.de>
Description:

sysfs interface
---------------

The pktcdvd module (packet writing driver) creates
these files in the sysfs:
(<devid> is in format major:minor )

/sys/class/pktcdvd/
add (0200) Write a block device id (major:minor)
to create a new pktcdvd device and map
it to the block device.

remove (0200) Write the pktcdvd device id (major:minor)
to it to remove the pktcdvd device.

device_map (0444) Shows the device mapping in format:
pktcdvd[0-7] <pktdevid> <blkdevid>

/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/
dev (0444) Device id
uevent (0200) To send an uevent.

/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/stat/
packets_started (0444) Number of started packets.
packets_finished (0444) Number of finished packets.

kb_written (0444) kBytes written.
kb_read (0444) kBytes read.
kb_read_gather (0444) kBytes read to fill write packets.

reset (0200) Write any value to it to reset
pktcdvd device statistic values, like
bytes read/written.

/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/write_queue/
size (0444) Contains the size of the bio write
queue.

congestion_off (0644) If bio write queue size is below
this mark, accept new bio requests
from the block layer.

congestion_on (0644) If bio write queue size is higher
as this mark, do no longer accept
bio write requests from the block
layer and wait till the pktcdvd
device has processed enough bio's
so that bio write queue size is
below congestion off mark.
A value of <= 0 disables congestion
control.


Example:
--------
To use the pktcdvd sysfs interface directly, you can do:

# create a new pktcdvd device mapped to /dev/hdc
echo "22:0" >/sys/class/pktcdvd/add
cat /sys/class/pktcdvd/device_map
# assuming device pktcdvd0 was created, look at stat's
cat /sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/stat/kb_written
# print the device id of the mapped block device
fgrep pktcdvd0 /sys/class/pktcdvd/device_map
# remove device, using pktcdvd0 device id 253:0
echo "253:0" >/sys/class/pktcdvd/remove
144 changes: 139 additions & 5 deletions Documentation/CodingStyle
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Expand Up @@ -35,12 +35,37 @@ In short, 8-char indents make things easier to read, and have the added
benefit of warning you when you're nesting your functions too deep.
Heed that warning.

The preferred way to ease multiple indentation levels in a switch statement is
to align the "switch" and its subordinate "case" labels in the same column
instead of "double-indenting" the "case" labels. E.g.:

switch (suffix) {
case 'G':
case 'g':
mem <<= 30;
break;
case 'M':
case 'm':
mem <<= 20;
break;
case 'K':
case 'k':
mem <<= 10;
/* fall through */
default:
break;
}


Don't put multiple statements on a single line unless you have
something to hide:

if (condition) do_this;
do_something_everytime;

Don't put multiple assignments on a single line either. Kernel coding style
is super simple. Avoid tricky expressions.

Outside of comments, documentation and except in Kconfig, spaces are never
used for indentation, and the above example is deliberately broken.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -69,7 +94,7 @@ void fun(int a, int b, int c)
next_statement;
}

Chapter 3: Placing Braces
Chapter 3: Placing Braces and Spaces

The other issue that always comes up in C styling is the placement of
braces. Unlike the indent size, there are few technical reasons to
Expand All @@ -81,6 +106,20 @@ brace last on the line, and put the closing brace first, thusly:
we do y
}

This applies to all non-function statement blocks (if, switch, for,
while, do). E.g.:

switch (action) {
case KOBJ_ADD:
return "add";
case KOBJ_REMOVE:
return "remove";
case KOBJ_CHANGE:
return "change";
default:
return NULL;
}

However, there is one special case, namely functions: they have the
opening brace at the beginning of the next line, thus:

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -121,6 +160,49 @@ supply of new-lines on your screen is not a renewable resource (think
25-line terminal screens here), you have more empty lines to put
comments on.

3.1: Spaces

Linux kernel style for use of spaces depends (mostly) on
function-versus-keyword usage. Use a space after (most) keywords. The
notable exceptions are sizeof, typeof, alignof, and __attribute__, which look
somewhat like functions (and are usually used with parentheses in Linux,
although they are not required in the language, as in: "sizeof info" after
"struct fileinfo info;" is declared).

So use a space after these keywords:
if, switch, case, for, do, while
but not with sizeof, typeof, alignof, or __attribute__. E.g.,
s = sizeof(struct file);

Do not add spaces around (inside) parenthesized expressions. This example is
*bad*:

s = sizeof( struct file );

When declaring pointer data or a function that returns a pointer type, the
preferred use of '*' is adjacent to the data name or function name and not
adjacent to the type name. Examples:

char *linux_banner;
unsigned long long memparse(char *ptr, char **retptr);
char *match_strdup(substring_t *s);

Use one space around (on each side of) most binary and ternary operators,
such as any of these:

= + - < > * / % | & ^ <= >= == != ? :

but no space after unary operators:
& * + - ~ ! sizeof typeof alignof __attribute__ defined

no space before the postfix increment & decrement unary operators:
++ --

no space after the prefix increment & decrement unary operators:
++ --

and no space around the '.' and "->" structure member operators.


Chapter 4: Naming

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -152,7 +234,7 @@ variable that is used to hold a temporary value.

If you are afraid to mix up your local variable names, you have another
problem, which is called the function-growth-hormone-imbalance syndrome.
See next chapter.
See chapter 6 (Functions).


Chapter 5: Typedefs
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -258,6 +340,20 @@ generally easily keep track of about 7 different things, anything more
and it gets confused. You know you're brilliant, but maybe you'd like
to understand what you did 2 weeks from now.

In source files, separate functions with one blank line. If the function is
exported, the EXPORT* macro for it should follow immediately after the closing
function brace line. E.g.:

int system_is_up(void)
{
return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up);

In function prototypes, include parameter names with their data types.
Although this is not required by the C language, it is preferred in Linux
because it is a simple way to add valuable information for the reader.


Chapter 7: Centralized exiting of functions

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -306,16 +402,36 @@ time to explain badly written code.
Generally, you want your comments to tell WHAT your code does, not HOW.
Also, try to avoid putting comments inside a function body: if the
function is so complex that you need to separately comment parts of it,
you should probably go back to chapter 5 for a while. You can make
you should probably go back to chapter 6 for a while. You can make
small comments to note or warn about something particularly clever (or
ugly), but try to avoid excess. Instead, put the comments at the head
of the function, telling people what it does, and possibly WHY it does
it.

When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kerneldoc format.
When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kernel-doc format.
See the files Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt and scripts/kernel-doc
for details.

Linux style for comments is the C89 "/* ... */" style.
Don't use C99-style "// ..." comments.

The preferred style for long (multi-line) comments is:

/*
* This is the preferred style for multi-line
* comments in the Linux kernel source code.
* Please use it consistently.
*
* Description: A column of asterisks on the left side,
* with beginning and ending almost-blank lines.
*/

It's also important to comment data, whether they are basic types or derived
types. To this end, use just one data declaration per line (no commas for
multiple data declarations). This leaves you room for a small comment on each
item, explaining its use.


Chapter 9: You've made a mess of it

That's OK, we all do. You've probably been told by your long-time Unix
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -566,6 +682,24 @@ result. Typical examples would be functions that return pointers; they use
NULL or the ERR_PTR mechanism to report failure.


Chapter 17: Don't re-invent the kernel macros

The header file include/linux/kernel.h contains a number of macros that
you should use, rather than explicitly coding some variant of them yourself.
For example, if you need to calculate the length of an array, take advantage
of the macro

#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))

Similarly, if you need to calculate the size of some structure member, use

#define FIELD_SIZEOF(t, f) (sizeof(((t*)0)->f))

There are also min() and max() macros that do strict type checking if you
need them. Feel free to peruse that header file to see what else is already
defined that you shouldn't reproduce in your code.



Appendix I: References

Expand All @@ -591,4 +725,4 @@ Kernel CodingStyle, by greg@kroah.com at OLS 2002:
http://www.kroah.com/linux/talks/ols_2002_kernel_codingstyle_talk/html/

--
Last updated on 30 April 2006.
Last updated on 2006-December-06.
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions Documentation/DocBook/Makefile
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Expand Up @@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ installmandocs: mandocs

###
#External programs used
KERNELDOC = scripts/kernel-doc
DOCPROC = scripts/basic/docproc
KERNELDOC = $(srctree)/scripts/kernel-doc
DOCPROC = $(objtree)/scripts/basic/docproc

XMLTOFLAGS = -m $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/stylesheet.xsl
#XMLTOFLAGS += --skip-validation
Expand Down
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions Documentation/DocBook/genericirq.tmpl
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Expand Up @@ -303,10 +303,10 @@ desc->status |= running;
do {
if (desc->status &amp; masked)
desc->chip->enable();
desc-status &amp;= ~pending;
desc->status &amp;= ~pending;
handle_IRQ_event(desc->action);
} while (status &amp; pending);
desc-status &amp;= ~running;
desc->status &amp;= ~running;
desc->chip->end();
</programlisting>
</para>
Expand Down
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Documentation/DocBook/libata.tmpl
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Expand Up @@ -883,7 +883,7 @@ and other resources, etc.
</chapter>

<chapter id="ataExceptions">
<title>ATA errors &amp; exceptions</title>
<title>ATA errors and exceptions</title>

<para>
This chapter tries to identify what error/exception conditions exist
Expand Down
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions Documentation/HOWTO
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Expand Up @@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ are not a good substitute for a solid C education and/or years of
experience, the following books are good for, if anything, reference:
- "The C Programming Language" by Kernighan and Ritchie [Prentice Hall]
- "Practical C Programming" by Steve Oualline [O'Reilly]
- "C: A Reference Manual" by Harbison and Steele [Prentice Hall]

The kernel is written using GNU C and the GNU toolchain. While it
adheres to the ISO C89 standard, it uses a number of extensions that are
Expand Down
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