[PATCH] can_share_swap_page: use page_mapcount

Remember that ironic get_user_pages race?  when the raised page_count on a
page swapped out led do_wp_page to decide that it had to copy on write, so
substituted a different page into userspace.  2.6.7 onwards have Andrea's
solution, where try_to_unmap_one backs out if it finds page_count raised.

Which works, but is unsatisfying (rmap.c has no other page_count heuristics),
and was found a few months ago to hang an intensive page migration test.  A
year ago I was hesitant to engage page_mapcount, now it seems the right fix.

So remove the page_count hack from try_to_unmap_one; and use activate_page in
unuse_mm when dropping lock, to replace its secondary effect of helping
swapoff to make progress in that case.

Simplify can_share_swap_page (now called only on anonymous pages) to check
page_mapcount + page_swapcount == 1: still needs the page lock to stabilize
their (pessimistic) sum, but does not need swapper_space.tree_lock for that.

In do_swap_page, move swap_free and unlock_page below page_add_anon_rmap, to
keep sum on the high side, and correct when can_share_swap_page called.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

mm/memory.c

@@ -1686,23 +1686,23 @@ static int do_swap_page(struct mm_struct * mm,
 	}
 
 	/* The page isn't present yet, go ahead with the fault. */
-
-	swap_free(entry);
-	if (vm_swap_full())
-		remove_exclusive_swap_page(page);
 
 	inc_mm_counter(mm, rss);
 	pte = mk_pte(page, vma->vm_page_prot);
 	if (write_access && can_share_swap_page(page)) {
 		pte = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(pte), vma);
 		write_access = 0;
 	}
-	unlock_page(page);
 
 	flush_icache_page(vma, page);
 	set_pte_at(mm, address, page_table, pte);
 	page_add_anon_rmap(page, vma, address);
 
+	swap_free(entry);
+	if (vm_swap_full())
+		remove_exclusive_swap_page(page);
+	unlock_page(page);
+
 	if (write_access) {
 		if (do_wp_page(mm, vma, address,
 				page_table, pmd, pte) == VM_FAULT_OOM)

mm/rmap.c

@@ -539,27 +539,6 @@ static int try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 		goto out_unmap;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Don't pull an anonymous page out from under get_user_pages.
-	 * GUP carefully breaks COW and raises page count (while holding
-	 * page_table_lock, as we have here) to make sure that the page
-	 * cannot be freed.  If we unmap that page here, a user write
-	 * access to the virtual address will bring back the page, but
-	 * its raised count will (ironically) be taken to mean it's not
-	 * an exclusive swap page, do_wp_page will replace it by a copy
-	 * page, and the user never get to see the data GUP was holding
-	 * the original page for.
-	 *
-	 * This test is also useful for when swapoff (unuse_process) has
-	 * to drop page lock: its reference to the page stops existing
-	 * ptes from being unmapped, so swapoff can make progress.
-	 */
-	if (PageSwapCache(page) &&
-	    page_count(page) != page_mapcount(page) + 2) {
-		ret = SWAP_FAIL;
-		goto out_unmap;
-	}
-
 	/* Nuke the page table entry. */
 	flush_cache_page(vma, address, page_to_pfn(page));
 	pteval = ptep_clear_flush(vma, address, pte);

mm/swapfile.c

@@ -276,61 +276,37 @@ void swap_free(swp_entry_t entry)
 }
 
 /*
- * Check if we're the only user of a swap page,
- * when the page is locked.
+ * How many references to page are currently swapped out?
  */
-static int exclusive_swap_page(struct page *page)
+static inline int page_swapcount(struct page *page)
 {
-	int retval = 0;
-	struct swap_info_struct * p;
+	int count = 0;
+	struct swap_info_struct *p;
 	swp_entry_t entry;
 
 	entry.val = page->private;
 	p = swap_info_get(entry);
 	if (p) {
-		/* Is the only swap cache user the cache itself? */
-		if (p->swap_map[swp_offset(entry)] == 1) {
-			/* Recheck the page count with the swapcache lock held.. */
-			write_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
-			if (page_count(page) == 2)
-				retval = 1;
-			write_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
-		}
+		/* Subtract the 1 for the swap cache itself */
+		count = p->swap_map[swp_offset(entry)] - 1;
 		swap_info_put(p);
 	}
-	return retval;
+	return count;
 }
 
 /*
  * We can use this swap cache entry directly
  * if there are no other references to it.
- *
- * Here "exclusive_swap_page()" does the real
- * work, but we opportunistically check whether
- * we need to get all the locks first..
  */
 int can_share_swap_page(struct page *page)
 {
-	int retval = 0;
+	int count;
 
-	if (!PageLocked(page))
-		BUG();
-	switch (page_count(page)) {
-	case 3:
-		if (!PagePrivate(page))
-			break;
-		/* Fallthrough */
-	case 2:
-		if (!PageSwapCache(page))
-			break;
-		retval = exclusive_swap_page(page);
-		break;
-	case 1:
-		if (PageReserved(page))
-			break;
-		retval = 1;
-	}
-	return retval;
+	BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
+	count = page_mapcount(page);
+	if (count <= 1 && PageSwapCache(page))
+		count += page_swapcount(page);
+	return count == 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -529,9 +505,10 @@ static int unuse_mm(struct mm_struct *mm,
 
 	if (!down_read_trylock(&mm->mmap_sem)) {
 		/*
-		 * Our reference to the page stops try_to_unmap_one from
-		 * unmapping its ptes, so swapoff can make progress.
+		 * Activate page so shrink_cache is unlikely to unmap its
+		 * ptes while lock is dropped, so swapoff can make progress.
 		 */
+		activate_page(page);
 		unlock_page(page);
 		down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 		lock_page(page);