microblaze: Add stack unwinder

Implement intelligent backtracing by searching for stack frame creation,
and emitting only return addresses. Use print_hex_dump() to display the
entire binary kernel stack.

Limitation: MMU kernels are not currently able to trace beyond a system trap
(interrupt, syscall, etc.). It is the intent of this patch to provide
infrastructure that can be extended to add this capability later.

Changes from V1:
* Removed checks in find_frame_creation() that prevented location of the frame
  creation instruction in heavily optimized code
* Various formatting/commenting/file location tweaks per review comments
* Dropped Kconfig option to enable STACKTRACE as something logically separate

Signed-off-by: Steven J. Magnani <steve@digidescorp.com>

arch/microblaze/include/asm/exceptions.h

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@
 #define _ASM_MICROBLAZE_EXCEPTIONS_H
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
+#define EX_HANDLER_STACK_SIZ	(4*19)
+#endif
+
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 
 /* Macros to enable and disable HW exceptions in the MSR */

arch/microblaze/include/asm/system.h

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ extern struct task_struct *_switch_to(struct thread_info *prev,
 #define smp_rmb()		rmb()
 #define smp_wmb()		wmb()
 
-void show_trace(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *stack);
 void __bad_xchg(volatile void *ptr, int size);
 
 static inline unsigned long __xchg(unsigned long x, volatile void *ptr,

arch/microblaze/include/asm/unwind.h

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Backtrace support for Microblaze
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2010  Digital Design Corporation
+ *
+ * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
+ * License.  See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __MICROBLAZE_UNWIND_H
+#define __MICROBLAZE_UNWIND_H
+
+struct stack_trace;
+
+struct trap_handler_info {
+	unsigned long start_addr;
+	unsigned long end_addr;
+	const char    *trap_name;
+};
+extern struct trap_handler_info microblaze_trap_handlers;
+
+extern const char _hw_exception_handler;
+extern const char ex_handler_unhandled;
+
+void microblaze_unwind(struct task_struct *task, struct stack_trace *trace);
+
+#endif	/* __MICROBLAZE_UNWIND_H */
+

arch/microblaze/kernel/Makefile

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ extra-y := head.o vmlinux.lds
 obj-y += dma.o exceptions.o \
 	hw_exception_handler.o init_task.o intc.o irq.o of_device.o \
 	of_platform.o process.o prom.o prom_parse.o ptrace.o \
-	setup.o signal.o sys_microblaze.o timer.o traps.o reset.o
+	reset.o setup.o signal.o sys_microblaze.o timer.o traps.o unwind.o
 
 obj-y += cpu/
 

arch/microblaze/kernel/entry-nommu.S

@@ -588,3 +588,31 @@ sys_rt_sigsuspend_wrapper:
 #include "syscall_table.S"
 
 syscall_table_size=(.-sys_call_table)
+
+type_SYSCALL:
+	.ascii "SYSCALL\0"
+type_IRQ:
+	.ascii "IRQ\0"
+type_IRQ_PREEMPT:
+	.ascii "IRQ (PREEMPTED)\0"
+type_SYSCALL_PREEMPT:
+	.ascii " SYSCALL (PREEMPTED)\0"
+
+	/*
+	 * Trap decoding for stack unwinder
+	 * Tuples are (start addr, end addr, string)
+	 * If return address lies on [start addr, end addr],
+	 * unwinder displays 'string'
+	 */
+
+	.align 4
+.global microblaze_trap_handlers
+microblaze_trap_handlers:
+	/* Exact matches come first */
+	.word ret_to_user  ; .word ret_to_user    ; .word type_SYSCALL
+	.word ret_from_intr; .word ret_from_intr  ; .word type_IRQ
+	/* Fuzzy matches go here */
+	.word ret_from_intr; .word no_intr_resched; .word type_IRQ_PREEMPT
+	.word work_pending ; .word no_work_pending; .word type_SYSCALL_PREEMPT
+	/* End of table */
+	.word 0             ; .word 0               ; .word 0

arch/microblaze/kernel/entry.S

@@ -1127,3 +1127,30 @@ ENTRY(_break)
 
 syscall_table_size=(.-sys_call_table)
 
+type_SYSCALL:
+	.ascii "SYSCALL\0"
+type_IRQ:
+	.ascii "IRQ\0"
+type_IRQ_PREEMPT:
+	.ascii "IRQ (PREEMPTED)\0"
+type_SYSCALL_PREEMPT:
+	.ascii " SYSCALL (PREEMPTED)\0"
+
+	/*
+	 * Trap decoding for stack unwinder
+	 * Tuples are (start addr, end addr, string)
+	 * If return address lies on [start addr, end addr],
+	 * unwinder displays 'string'
+	 */
+
+	.align 4
+.global microblaze_trap_handlers
+microblaze_trap_handlers:
+	/* Exact matches come first */
+	.word ret_from_trap; .word ret_from_trap   ; .word type_SYSCALL
+	.word ret_from_irq ; .word ret_from_irq    ; .word type_IRQ
+	/* Fuzzy matches go here */
+	.word ret_from_irq ; .word no_intr_resched ; .word type_IRQ_PREEMPT
+	.word ret_from_trap; .word TRAP_return     ; .word type_SYSCALL_PREEMPT
+	/* End of table */
+	.word 0               ; .word 0               ; .word 0

arch/microblaze/kernel/hw_exception_handler.S

@@ -78,9 +78,6 @@
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
 
 /* Helpful Macros */
-#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
-#define EX_HANDLER_STACK_SIZ	(4*19)
-#endif
 #define NUM_TO_REG(num)		r ## num
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
@@ -988,6 +985,7 @@ ex_unaligned_fixup:
 .end _unaligned_data_exception
 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
 
+.global ex_handler_unhandled
 ex_handler_unhandled:
 /* FIXME add handle function for unhandled exception - dump register */
 	bri 0

arch/microblaze/kernel/stacktrace.c

@@ -14,52 +14,18 @@
 #include <linux/thread_info.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/unwind.h>
 
-/* FIXME initial support */
 void save_stack_trace(struct stack_trace *trace)
 {
-	unsigned long *sp;
-	unsigned long addr;
-	asm("addik %0, r1, 0" : "=r" (sp));
-
-	while (!kstack_end(sp)) {
-		addr = *sp++;
-		if (__kernel_text_address(addr)) {
-			if (trace->skip > 0)
-				trace->skip--;
-			else
-				trace->entries[trace->nr_entries++] = addr;
-
-			if (trace->nr_entries >= trace->max_entries)
-				break;
-		}
-	}
+	/* Exclude our helper functions from the trace*/
+	trace->skip += 2;
+	microblaze_unwind(NULL, trace);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(save_stack_trace);
 
 void save_stack_trace_tsk(struct task_struct *tsk, struct stack_trace *trace)
 {
-	unsigned int *sp;
-	unsigned long addr;
-
-	struct thread_info *ti = task_thread_info(tsk);
-
-	if (tsk == current)
-		asm("addik %0, r1, 0" : "=r" (sp));
-	else
-		sp = (unsigned int *)ti->cpu_context.r1;
-
-	while (!kstack_end(sp)) {
-		addr = *sp++;
-		if (__kernel_text_address(addr)) {
-			if (trace->skip > 0)
-				trace->skip--;
-			else
-				trace->entries[trace->nr_entries++] = addr;
-
-			if (trace->nr_entries >= trace->max_entries)
-				break;
-		}
-	}
+	microblaze_unwind(tsk, trace);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(save_stack_trace_tsk);

arch/microblaze/kernel/traps.c

@@ -16,80 +16,69 @@
 
 #include <asm/exceptions.h>
 #include <asm/system.h>
+#include <asm/unwind.h>
 
 void trap_init(void)
 {
 	__enable_hw_exceptions();
 }
 
-static unsigned long kstack_depth_to_print = 24;
+static unsigned long kstack_depth_to_print;	/* 0 == entire stack */
 
 static int __init kstack_setup(char *s)
 {
 	return !strict_strtoul(s, 0, &kstack_depth_to_print);
 }
 __setup("kstack=", kstack_setup);
 
-void show_trace(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *stack)
+void show_stack(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *sp)
 {
-	unsigned long addr;
-
-	if (!stack)
-		stack = (unsigned long *)&stack;
+	unsigned long words_to_show;
+	u32 fp = (u32) sp;
+
+	if (fp == 0) {
+		if (task) {
+			fp = ((struct thread_info *)
+				(task->stack))->cpu_context.r1;
+		} else {
+			/* Pick up caller of dump_stack() */
+			fp = (u32)&sp - 8;
+		}
+	}
 
-	printk(KERN_NOTICE "Call Trace: ");
-#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
-	printk(KERN_NOTICE "\n");
-#endif
-	while (!kstack_end(stack)) {
-		addr = *stack++;
-		/*
-		 * If the address is either in the text segment of the
-		 * kernel, or in the region which contains vmalloc'ed
-		 * memory, it *may* be the address of a calling
-		 * routine; if so, print it so that someone tracing
-		 * down the cause of the crash will be able to figure
-		 * out the call path that was taken.
-		 */
-		if (kernel_text_address(addr))
-			print_ip_sym(addr);
+	words_to_show = (THREAD_SIZE - (fp & (THREAD_SIZE - 1))) >> 2;
+	if (kstack_depth_to_print && (words_to_show > kstack_depth_to_print))
+		words_to_show = kstack_depth_to_print;
+
+	pr_info("Kernel Stack:\n");
+
+	/*
+	 * Make the first line an 'odd' size if necessary to get
+	 * remaining lines to start at an address multiple of 0x10
+	 */
+	if (fp & 0xF) {
+		unsigned long line1_words = (0x10 - (fp & 0xF)) >> 2;
+		if (line1_words < words_to_show) {
+			print_hex_dump(KERN_INFO, "", DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS, 32,
+				       4, (void *)fp, line1_words << 2, 0);
+			fp += line1_words << 2;
+			words_to_show -= line1_words;
+		}
 	}
-	printk(KERN_NOTICE "\n");
+	print_hex_dump(KERN_INFO, "", DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS, 32, 4, (void *)fp,
+		       words_to_show << 2, 0);
+	printk(KERN_INFO "\n\n");
+
+	pr_info("Call Trace:\n");
+	microblaze_unwind(task, NULL);
+	pr_info("\n");
 
 	if (!task)
 		task = current;
 
 	debug_show_held_locks(task);
 }
 
-void show_stack(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *sp)
-{
-	unsigned long *stack;
-	int i;
-
-	if (sp == NULL) {
-		if (task)
-			sp = (unsigned long *) ((struct thread_info *)
-						(task->stack))->cpu_context.r1;
-		else
-			sp = (unsigned long *)&sp;
-	}
-
-	stack = sp;
-
-	printk(KERN_INFO "\nStack:\n  ");
-
-	for (i = 0; i < kstack_depth_to_print; i++) {
-		if (kstack_end(sp))
-			break;
-		if (i && ((i % 8) == 0))
-			printk("\n  ");
-		printk("%08lx ", *sp++);
-	}
-	printk("\n");
-	show_trace(task, stack);
-}
-
 void dump_stack(void)
 {
 	show_stack(NULL, NULL);