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Linus Torvalds committed Jul 12, 2007
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion [refs]
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---
refs/heads/master: 58a7295bc8073b9e668c329cb9ceb5b668c2b15d
refs/heads/master: 702ed6ef375c19d65f2eeeefd3851476f2c4cee4
16 changes: 8 additions & 8 deletions trunk/CREDITS
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Expand Up @@ -3301,14 +3301,6 @@ S: 12725 SW Millikan Way, Suite 400
S: Beaverton, Oregon 97005
S: USA

N: Li Yang
E: leoli@freescale.com
D: Freescale Highspeed USB device driver
D: Freescale QE SoC support and Ethernet driver
S: B-1206 Jingmao Guojigongyu
S: 16 Baliqiao Nanjie, Beijing 101100
S: People's Repulic of China

N: Marcelo Tosatti
E: marcelo@kvack.org
D: v2.4 kernel maintainer
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -3726,6 +3718,14 @@ S: 542 West 112th Street, 5N
S: New York, New York 10025
S: USA

N: Li Yang
E: leoli@freescale.com
D: Freescale Highspeed USB device driver
D: Freescale QE SoC support and Ethernet driver
S: B-1206 Jingmao Guojigongyu
S: 16 Baliqiao Nanjie, Beijing 101100
S: People's Repulic of China

N: Victor Yodaiken
E: yodaiken@fsmlabs.com
D: RTLinux (RealTime Linux)
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16 changes: 16 additions & 0 deletions trunk/Documentation/ABI/removed/raw1394_legacy_isochronous
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What: legacy isochronous ABI of raw1394 (1st generation iso ABI)
Date: June 2007 (scheduled), removed in kernel v2.6.23
Contact: linux1394-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Description:
The two request types RAW1394_REQ_ISO_SEND, RAW1394_REQ_ISO_LISTEN have
been deprecated for quite some time. They are very inefficient as they
come with high interrupt load and several layers of callbacks for each
packet. Because of these deficiencies, the video1394 and dv1394 drivers
and the 3rd-generation isochronous ABI in raw1394 (rawiso) were created.

Users:
libraw1394 users via the long deprecated API raw1394_iso_write,
raw1394_start_iso_write, raw1394_start_iso_rcv, raw1394_stop_iso_rcv

libdc1394, which optionally uses these old libraw1394 calls
alternatively to the more efficient video1394 ABI
24 changes: 24 additions & 0 deletions trunk/Documentation/BUG-HUNTING
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Expand Up @@ -191,6 +191,30 @@ e.g. crash dump output as shown by Dave Miller.
> mov 0x8(%ebp), %ebx ! %ebx = skb->sk
> mov 0x13c(%ebx), %eax ! %eax = inet_sk(sk)->opt

In addition, you can use GDB to figure out the exact file and line
number of the OOPS from the vmlinux file. If you have
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO enabled, you can simply copy the EIP value from the
OOPS:

EIP: 0060:[<c021e50e>] Not tainted VLI

And use GDB to translate that to human-readable form:

gdb vmlinux
(gdb) l *0xc021e50e

If you don't have CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO enabled, you use the function
offset from the OOPS:

EIP is at vt_ioctl+0xda8/0x1482

And recompile the kernel with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO enabled:

make vmlinux
gdb vmlinux
(gdb) p vt_ioctl
(gdb) l *(0x<address of vt_ioctl> + 0xda8)

Another very useful option of the Kernel Hacking section in menuconfig is
Debug memory allocations. This will help you see whether data has been
initialised and not set before use etc. To see the values that get assigned
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49 changes: 30 additions & 19 deletions trunk/Documentation/CodingStyle
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Expand Up @@ -495,29 +495,40 @@ re-formatting you may want to take a look at the man page. But
remember: "indent" is not a fix for bad programming.


Chapter 10: Configuration-files
Chapter 10: Kconfig configuration files

For configuration options (arch/xxx/Kconfig, and all the Kconfig files),
somewhat different indentation is used.
For all of the Kconfig* configuration files throughout the source tree,
the indentation is somewhat different. Lines under a "config" definition
are indented with one tab, while help text is indented an additional two
spaces. Example:

Help text is indented with 2 spaces.

if CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL
tristate CONFIG_BOOM
default n
help
Apply nitroglycerine inside the keyboard (DANGEROUS)
bool CONFIG_CHEER
depends on CONFIG_BOOM
default y
config AUDIT
bool "Auditing support"
depends on NET
help
Output nice messages when you explode
endif
Enable auditing infrastructure that can be used with another
kernel subsystem, such as SELinux (which requires this for
logging of avc messages output). Does not do system-call
auditing without CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL.

Features that might still be considered unstable should be defined as
dependent on "EXPERIMENTAL":

config SLUB
depends on EXPERIMENTAL && !ARCH_USES_SLAB_PAGE_STRUCT
bool "SLUB (Unqueued Allocator)"
...

while seriously dangerous features (such as write support for certain
filesystems) should advertise this prominently in their prompt string:

config ADFS_FS_RW
bool "ADFS write support (DANGEROUS)"
depends on ADFS_FS
...

Generally, CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL should surround all options not considered
stable. All options that are known to trash data (experimental write-
support for file-systems, for instance) should be denoted (DANGEROUS), other
experimental options should be denoted (EXPERIMENTAL).
For full documentation on the configuration files, see the file
Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.txt.


Chapter 11: Data structures
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103 changes: 0 additions & 103 deletions trunk/Documentation/DMA-mapping.txt
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Expand Up @@ -664,109 +664,6 @@ It is that simple.
Well, not for some odd devices. See the next section for information
about that.

DAC Addressing for Address Space Hungry Devices

There exists a class of devices which do not mesh well with the PCI
DMA mapping API. By definition these "mappings" are a finite
resource. The number of total available mappings per bus is platform
specific, but there will always be a reasonable amount.

What is "reasonable"? Reasonable means that networking and block I/O
devices need not worry about using too many mappings.

As an example of a problematic device, consider compute cluster cards.
They can potentially need to access gigabytes of memory at once via
DMA. Dynamic mappings are unsuitable for this kind of access pattern.

To this end we've provided a small API by which a device driver
may use DAC cycles to directly address all of physical memory.
Not all platforms support this, but most do. It is easy to determine
whether the platform will work properly at probe time.

First, understand that there may be a SEVERE performance penalty for
using these interfaces on some platforms. Therefore, you MUST only
use these interfaces if it is absolutely required. %99 of devices can
use the normal APIs without any problems.

Note that for streaming type mappings you must either use these
interfaces, or the dynamic mapping interfaces above. You may not mix
usage of both for the same device. Such an act is illegal and is
guaranteed to put a banana in your tailpipe.

However, consistent mappings may in fact be used in conjunction with
these interfaces. Remember that, as defined, consistent mappings are
always going to be SAC addressable.

The first thing your driver needs to do is query the PCI platform
layer if it is capable of handling your devices DAC addressing
capabilities:

int pci_dac_dma_supported(struct pci_dev *hwdev, u64 mask);

You may not use the following interfaces if this routine fails.

Next, DMA addresses using this API are kept track of using the
dma64_addr_t type. It is guaranteed to be big enough to hold any
DAC address the platform layer will give to you from the following
routines. If you have consistent mappings as well, you still
use plain dma_addr_t to keep track of those.

All mappings obtained here will be direct. The mappings are not
translated, and this is the purpose of this dialect of the DMA API.

All routines work with page/offset pairs. This is the _ONLY_ way to
portably refer to any piece of memory. If you have a cpu pointer
(which may be validly DMA'd too) you may easily obtain the page
and offset using something like this:

struct page *page = virt_to_page(ptr);
unsigned long offset = offset_in_page(ptr);

Here are the interfaces:

dma64_addr_t pci_dac_page_to_dma(struct pci_dev *pdev,
struct page *page,
unsigned long offset,
int direction);

The DAC address for the tuple PAGE/OFFSET are returned. The direction
argument is the same as for pci_{map,unmap}_single(). The same rules
for cpu/device access apply here as for the streaming mapping
interfaces. To reiterate:

The cpu may touch the buffer before pci_dac_page_to_dma.
The device may touch the buffer after pci_dac_page_to_dma
is made, but the cpu may NOT.

When the DMA transfer is complete, invoke:

void pci_dac_dma_sync_single_for_cpu(struct pci_dev *pdev,
dma64_addr_t dma_addr,
size_t len, int direction);

This must be done before the CPU looks at the buffer again.
This interface behaves identically to pci_dma_sync_{single,sg}_for_cpu().

And likewise, if you wish to let the device get back at the buffer after
the cpu has read/written it, invoke:

void pci_dac_dma_sync_single_for_device(struct pci_dev *pdev,
dma64_addr_t dma_addr,
size_t len, int direction);

before letting the device access the DMA area again.

If you need to get back to the PAGE/OFFSET tuple from a dma64_addr_t
the following interfaces are provided:

struct page *pci_dac_dma_to_page(struct pci_dev *pdev,
dma64_addr_t dma_addr);
unsigned long pci_dac_dma_to_offset(struct pci_dev *pdev,
dma64_addr_t dma_addr);

This is possible with the DAC interfaces purely because they are
not translated in any way.

Optimizing Unmap State Space Consumption

On many platforms, pci_unmap_{single,page}() is simply a nop.
Expand Down
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Expand Up @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@

<toc></toc>

<chapter><title>Introduction</title>
<chapter id="intro"><title>Introduction</title>

<para>This document presents a Linux-USB "Gadget"
kernel mode
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Expand Up @@ -643,4 +643,70 @@ X!Idrivers/video/console/fonts.c
!Edrivers/spi/spi.c
</chapter>

<chapter id="i2c">
<title>I<superscript>2</superscript>C and SMBus Subsystem</title>

<para>
I<superscript>2</superscript>C (or without fancy typography, "I2C")
is an acronym for the "Inter-IC" bus, a simple bus protocol which is
widely used where low data rate communications suffice.
Since it's also a licensed trademark, some vendors use another
name (such as "Two-Wire Interface", TWI) for the same bus.
I2C only needs two signals (SCL for clock, SDA for data), conserving
board real estate and minimizing signal quality issues.
Most I2C devices use seven bit addresses, and bus speeds of up
to 400 kHz; there's a high speed extension (3.4 MHz) that's not yet
found wide use.
I2C is a multi-master bus; open drain signaling is used to
arbitrate between masters, as well as to handshake and to
synchronize clocks from slower clients.
</para>

<para>
The Linux I2C programming interfaces support only the master
side of bus interactions, not the slave side.
The programming interface is structured around two kinds of driver,
and two kinds of device.
An I2C "Adapter Driver" abstracts the controller hardware; it binds
to a physical device (perhaps a PCI device or platform_device) and
exposes a <structname>struct i2c_adapter</structname> representing
each I2C bus segment it manages.
On each I2C bus segment will be I2C devices represented by a
<structname>struct i2c_client</structname>. Those devices will
be bound to a <structname>struct i2c_driver</structname>,
which should follow the standard Linux driver model.
(At this writing, a legacy model is more widely used.)
There are functions to perform various I2C protocol operations; at
this writing all such functions are usable only from task context.
</para>

<para>
The System Management Bus (SMBus) is a sibling protocol. Most SMBus
systems are also I2C conformant. The electrical constraints are
tighter for SMBus, and it standardizes particular protocol messages
and idioms. Controllers that support I2C can also support most
SMBus operations, but SMBus controllers don't support all the protocol
options that an I2C controller will.
There are functions to perform various SMBus protocol operations,
either using I2C primitives or by issuing SMBus commands to
i2c_adapter devices which don't support those I2C operations.
</para>

!Iinclude/linux/i2c.h
!Fdrivers/i2c/i2c-boardinfo.c i2c_register_board_info
!Edrivers/i2c/i2c-core.c
</chapter>

<chapter id="splice">
<title>splice API</title>
<para>)
splice is a method for moving blocks of data around inside the
kernel, without continually transferring it between the kernel
and user space.
</para>
!Iinclude/linux/splice.h
!Ffs/splice.c
</chapter>


</book>
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