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xen-netfront: always keep the Rx ring full of requests
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A full Rx ring only requires 1 MiB of memory.  This is not enough
memory that it is useful to dynamically scale the number of Rx
requests in the ring based on traffic rates, because:

a) Even the full 1 MiB is a tiny fraction of a typically modern Linux
   VM (for example, the AWS micro instance still has 1 GiB of memory).

b) Netfront would have used up to 1 MiB already even with moderate
   data rates (there was no adjustment of target based on memory
   pressure).

c) Small VMs are going to typically have one VCPU and hence only one
   queue.

Keeping the ring full of Rx requests handles bursty traffic better
than trying to converge on an optimal number of requests to keep
filled.

On a 4 core host, an iperf -P 64 -t 60 run from dom0 to a 4 VCPU guest
improved from 5.1 Gbit/s to 5.6 Gbit/s.  Gains with more bursty
traffic are expected to be higher.

Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
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David Vrabel authored and David S. Miller committed Oct 27, 2014
1 parent 9286ae0 commit 1f3c2eb
Showing 1 changed file with 62 additions and 191 deletions.
253 changes: 62 additions & 191 deletions drivers/net/xen-netfront.c
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ struct netfront_cb {

#define NET_TX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_tx, PAGE_SIZE)
#define NET_RX_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xen_netif_rx, PAGE_SIZE)
#define TX_MAX_TARGET min_t(int, NET_TX_RING_SIZE, 256)

/* Minimum number of Rx slots (includes slot for GSO metadata). */
#define NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN (XEN_NETIF_NR_SLOTS_MIN + 1)

/* Queue name is interface name with "-qNNN" appended */
#define QUEUE_NAME_SIZE (IFNAMSIZ + 6)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -137,13 +139,6 @@ struct netfront_queue {
struct xen_netif_rx_front_ring rx;
int rx_ring_ref;

/* Receive-ring batched refills. */
#define RX_MIN_TARGET 8
#define RX_DFL_MIN_TARGET 64
#define RX_MAX_TARGET min_t(int, NET_RX_RING_SIZE, 256)
unsigned rx_min_target, rx_max_target, rx_target;
struct sk_buff_head rx_batch;

struct timer_list rx_refill_timer;

struct sk_buff *rx_skbs[NET_RX_RING_SIZE];
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -251,7 +246,7 @@ static void rx_refill_timeout(unsigned long data)
static int netfront_tx_slot_available(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
return (queue->tx.req_prod_pvt - queue->tx.rsp_cons) <
(TX_MAX_TARGET - MAX_SKB_FRAGS - 2);
(NET_TX_RING_SIZE - MAX_SKB_FRAGS - 2);
}

static void xennet_maybe_wake_tx(struct netfront_queue *queue)
Expand All @@ -265,77 +260,55 @@ static void xennet_maybe_wake_tx(struct netfront_queue *queue)
netif_tx_wake_queue(netdev_get_tx_queue(dev, queue->id));
}

static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)

static struct sk_buff *xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
unsigned short id;
struct sk_buff *skb;
struct page *page;
int i, batch_target, notify;
RING_IDX req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
grant_ref_t ref;
unsigned long pfn;
void *vaddr;
struct xen_netif_rx_request *req;

if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev)))
return;
skb = __netdev_alloc_skb(queue->info->netdev,
RX_COPY_THRESHOLD + NET_IP_ALIGN,
GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (unlikely(!skb))
return NULL;

/*
* Allocate skbuffs greedily, even though we batch updates to the
* receive ring. This creates a less bursty demand on the memory
* allocator, so should reduce the chance of failed allocation requests
* both for ourself and for other kernel subsystems.
*/
batch_target = queue->rx_target - (req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons);
for (i = skb_queue_len(&queue->rx_batch); i < batch_target; i++) {
skb = __netdev_alloc_skb(queue->info->netdev,
RX_COPY_THRESHOLD + NET_IP_ALIGN,
GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (unlikely(!skb))
goto no_skb;

/* Align ip header to a 16 bytes boundary */
skb_reserve(skb, NET_IP_ALIGN);

page = alloc_page(GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (!page) {
kfree_skb(skb);
no_skb:
/* Could not allocate any skbuffs. Try again later. */
mod_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer,
jiffies + (HZ/10));

/* Any skbuffs queued for refill? Force them out. */
if (i != 0)
goto refill;
break;
}

skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, 0, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
__skb_queue_tail(&queue->rx_batch, skb);
page = alloc_page(GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (!page) {
kfree_skb(skb);
return NULL;
}
skb_add_rx_frag(skb, 0, page, 0, 0, PAGE_SIZE);

/* Align ip header to a 16 bytes boundary */
skb_reserve(skb, NET_IP_ALIGN);
skb->dev = queue->info->netdev;

return skb;
}


/* Is the batch large enough to be worthwhile? */
if (i < (queue->rx_target/2)) {
if (req_prod > queue->rx.sring->req_prod)
goto push;
static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)
{
RING_IDX req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
int notify;

if (unlikely(!netif_carrier_ok(queue->info->netdev)))
return;
}

/* Adjust our fill target if we risked running out of buffers. */
if (((req_prod - queue->rx.sring->rsp_prod) < (queue->rx_target / 4)) &&
((queue->rx_target *= 2) > queue->rx_max_target))
queue->rx_target = queue->rx_max_target;
for (req_prod = queue->rx.req_prod_pvt;
req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_RING_SIZE;
req_prod++) {
struct sk_buff *skb;
unsigned short id;
grant_ref_t ref;
unsigned long pfn;
struct xen_netif_rx_request *req;

refill:
for (i = 0; ; i++) {
skb = __skb_dequeue(&queue->rx_batch);
if (skb == NULL)
skb = xennet_alloc_one_rx_buffer(queue);
if (!skb)
break;

skb->dev = queue->info->netdev;

id = xennet_rxidx(req_prod + i);
id = xennet_rxidx(req_prod);

BUG_ON(queue->rx_skbs[id]);
queue->rx_skbs[id] = skb;
Expand All @@ -345,9 +318,8 @@ static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)
queue->grant_rx_ref[id] = ref;

pfn = page_to_pfn(skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]));
vaddr = page_address(skb_frag_page(&skb_shinfo(skb)->frags[0]));

req = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, req_prod + i);
req = RING_GET_REQUEST(&queue->rx, req_prod);
gnttab_grant_foreign_access_ref(ref,
queue->info->xbdev->otherend_id,
pfn_to_mfn(pfn),
Expand All @@ -357,11 +329,16 @@ static void xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(struct netfront_queue *queue)
req->gref = ref;
}

queue->rx.req_prod_pvt = req_prod;

/* Not enough requests? Try again later. */
if (req_prod - queue->rx.rsp_cons < NET_RX_SLOTS_MIN) {
mod_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer, jiffies + (HZ/10));
return;
}

wmb(); /* barrier so backend seens requests */

/* Above is a suitable barrier to ensure backend will see requests. */
queue->rx.req_prod_pvt = req_prod + i;
push:
RING_PUSH_REQUESTS_AND_CHECK_NOTIFY(&queue->rx, notify);
if (notify)
notify_remote_via_irq(queue->rx_irq);
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1070,13 +1047,6 @@ static int xennet_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)

work_done -= handle_incoming_queue(queue, &rxq);

/* If we get a callback with very few responses, reduce fill target. */
/* NB. Note exponential increase, linear decrease. */
if (((queue->rx.req_prod_pvt - queue->rx.sring->rsp_prod) >
((3*queue->rx_target) / 4)) &&
(--queue->rx_target < queue->rx_min_target))
queue->rx_target = queue->rx_min_target;

xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);

if (work_done < budget) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1643,11 +1613,6 @@ static int xennet_init_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue)
spin_lock_init(&queue->tx_lock);
spin_lock_init(&queue->rx_lock);

skb_queue_head_init(&queue->rx_batch);
queue->rx_target = RX_DFL_MIN_TARGET;
queue->rx_min_target = RX_DFL_MIN_TARGET;
queue->rx_max_target = RX_MAX_TARGET;

init_timer(&queue->rx_refill_timer);
queue->rx_refill_timer.data = (unsigned long)queue;
queue->rx_refill_timer.function = rx_refill_timeout;
Expand All @@ -1670,15 +1635,15 @@ static int xennet_init_queue(struct netfront_queue *queue)
}

/* A grant for every tx ring slot */
if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(TX_MAX_TARGET,
if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_TX_RING_SIZE,
&queue->gref_tx_head) < 0) {
pr_alert("can't alloc tx grant refs\n");
err = -ENOMEM;
goto exit;
}

/* A grant for every rx ring slot */
if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(RX_MAX_TARGET,
if (gnttab_alloc_grant_references(NET_RX_RING_SIZE,
&queue->gref_rx_head) < 0) {
pr_alert("can't alloc rx grant refs\n");
err = -ENOMEM;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2146,83 +2111,18 @@ static const struct ethtool_ops xennet_ethtool_ops =
};

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static ssize_t show_rxbuf_min(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct net_device *netdev = to_net_dev(dev);
struct netfront_info *info = netdev_priv(netdev);
unsigned int num_queues = netdev->real_num_tx_queues;

if (num_queues)
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", info->queues[0].rx_min_target);
else
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", RX_MIN_TARGET);
}

static ssize_t store_rxbuf_min(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t len)
static ssize_t show_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct net_device *netdev = to_net_dev(dev);
struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(netdev);
unsigned int num_queues = netdev->real_num_tx_queues;
char *endp;
unsigned long target;
unsigned int i;
struct netfront_queue *queue;

if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;

target = simple_strtoul(buf, &endp, 0);
if (endp == buf)
return -EBADMSG;

if (target < RX_MIN_TARGET)
target = RX_MIN_TARGET;
if (target > RX_MAX_TARGET)
target = RX_MAX_TARGET;

for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
queue = &np->queues[i];
spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
if (target > queue->rx_max_target)
queue->rx_max_target = target;
queue->rx_min_target = target;
if (target > queue->rx_target)
queue->rx_target = target;

xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);

spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
}
return len;
}

static ssize_t show_rxbuf_max(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct net_device *netdev = to_net_dev(dev);
struct netfront_info *info = netdev_priv(netdev);
unsigned int num_queues = netdev->real_num_tx_queues;

if (num_queues)
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", info->queues[0].rx_max_target);
else
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", RX_MAX_TARGET);
return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", NET_RX_RING_SIZE);
}

static ssize_t store_rxbuf_max(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t len)
static ssize_t store_rxbuf(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t len)
{
struct net_device *netdev = to_net_dev(dev);
struct netfront_info *np = netdev_priv(netdev);
unsigned int num_queues = netdev->real_num_tx_queues;
char *endp;
unsigned long target;
unsigned int i = 0;
struct netfront_queue *queue = NULL;

if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
Expand All @@ -2231,44 +2131,15 @@ static ssize_t store_rxbuf_max(struct device *dev,
if (endp == buf)
return -EBADMSG;

if (target < RX_MIN_TARGET)
target = RX_MIN_TARGET;
if (target > RX_MAX_TARGET)
target = RX_MAX_TARGET;

for (i = 0; i < num_queues; ++i) {
queue = &np->queues[i];
spin_lock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
if (target < queue->rx_min_target)
queue->rx_min_target = target;
queue->rx_max_target = target;
if (target < queue->rx_target)
queue->rx_target = target;

xennet_alloc_rx_buffers(queue);
/* rxbuf_min and rxbuf_max are no longer configurable. */

spin_unlock_bh(&queue->rx_lock);
}
return len;
}

static ssize_t show_rxbuf_cur(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
struct net_device *netdev = to_net_dev(dev);
struct netfront_info *info = netdev_priv(netdev);
unsigned int num_queues = netdev->real_num_tx_queues;

if (num_queues)
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", info->queues[0].rx_target);
else
return sprintf(buf, "0\n");
}

static struct device_attribute xennet_attrs[] = {
__ATTR(rxbuf_min, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf_min, store_rxbuf_min),
__ATTR(rxbuf_max, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf_max, store_rxbuf_max),
__ATTR(rxbuf_cur, S_IRUGO, show_rxbuf_cur, NULL),
__ATTR(rxbuf_min, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf),
__ATTR(rxbuf_max, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, show_rxbuf, store_rxbuf),
__ATTR(rxbuf_cur, S_IRUGO, show_rxbuf, NULL),
};

static int xennet_sysfs_addif(struct net_device *netdev)
Expand Down

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