zstd: import usptream v1.5.2

Updates the kernel's zstd library to v1.5.2, the latest zstd release.
The upstream tag it is updated to is `v1.5.2-kernel`, which contains
several cherry-picked commits on top of the v1.5.2 release which are
required for the kernel update. I will create this tag once the PR is
ready to merge, until then reference the temporary upstream branch
`v1.5.2-kernel-cherrypicks`.

I plan to submit this patch as part of the v6.2 merge window.

I've done basic build testing & testing on x86-64, i386, and aarch64.
I'm merging these patches into my `zstd-next` branch, which is pulled
into `linux-next` for further testing.

I've benchmarked BtrFS with zstd compression on a x86-64 machine, and
saw these results. Decompression speed is a small win across the board.
The lower compression levels 1-4 see both compression speed and
compression ratio wins. The higher compression levels see a small
compression speed loss and about neutral ratio. I expect the lower
compression levels to be used much more heavily than the high
compression levels, so this should be a net win.

Level	CTime	DTime	Ratio
1	-2.95%	-1.1%	-0.7%
3	-3.5%	-1.2%	-0.5%
5	+3.7%	-1.0%	+0.0%
7	+3.2%	-0.9%	+0.0%
9	-4.3%	-0.8%	+0.1%

Signed-off-by: Nick Terrell <terrelln@fb.com>

lib/zstd/common/bitstream.h

@@ -313,7 +313,16 @@ MEM_STATIC FORCE_INLINE_ATTR size_t BIT_getMiddleBits(size_t bitContainer, U32 c
     U32 const regMask = sizeof(bitContainer)*8 - 1;
     /* if start > regMask, bitstream is corrupted, and result is undefined */
     assert(nbBits < BIT_MASK_SIZE);
+    /* x86 transform & ((1 << nbBits) - 1) to bzhi instruction, it is better
+     * than accessing memory. When bmi2 instruction is not present, we consider
+     * such cpus old (pre-Haswell, 2013) and their performance is not of that
+     * importance.
+     */
+#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X86)
+    return (bitContainer >> (start & regMask)) & ((((U64)1) << nbBits) - 1);
+#else
     return (bitContainer >> (start & regMask)) & BIT_mask[nbBits];
+#endif
 }
 
 MEM_STATIC FORCE_INLINE_ATTR size_t BIT_getLowerBits(size_t bitContainer, U32 const nbBits)

lib/zstd/common/compiler.h

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #ifndef ZSTD_COMPILER_H
 #define ZSTD_COMPILER_H
 
+#include "portability_macros.h"
+
 /*-*******************************************************
 *  Compiler specifics
 *********************************************************/
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@
 
 /*
   On MSVC qsort requires that functions passed into it use the __cdecl calling conversion(CC).
-  This explictly marks such functions as __cdecl so that the code will still compile
+  This explicitly marks such functions as __cdecl so that the code will still compile
   if a CC other than __cdecl has been made the default.
 */
 #define WIN_CDECL
@@ -70,25 +72,13 @@
 
 
 /* target attribute */
-#ifndef __has_attribute
-  #define __has_attribute(x) 0  /* Compatibility with non-clang compilers. */
-#endif
 #define TARGET_ATTRIBUTE(target) __attribute__((__target__(target)))
 
-/* Enable runtime BMI2 dispatch based on the CPU.
- * Enabled for clang & gcc >=4.8 on x86 when BMI2 isn't enabled by default.
+/* Target attribute for BMI2 dynamic dispatch.
+ * Enable lzcnt, bmi, and bmi2.
+ * We test for bmi1 & bmi2. lzcnt is included in bmi1.
  */
-#ifndef DYNAMIC_BMI2
-  #if ((defined(__clang__) && __has_attribute(__target__)) \
-      || (defined(__GNUC__) \
-          && (__GNUC__ >= 5 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8)))) \
-      && (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X86)) \
-      && !defined(__BMI2__)
-  #  define DYNAMIC_BMI2 1
-  #else
-  #  define DYNAMIC_BMI2 0
-  #endif
-#endif
+#define BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("lzcnt,bmi,bmi2")
 
 /* prefetch
  * can be disabled, by declaring NO_PREFETCH build macro */
@@ -115,8 +105,9 @@
 }
 
 /* vectorization
- * older GCC (pre gcc-4.3 picked as the cutoff) uses a different syntax */
-#if !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(__clang__) && defined(__GNUC__)
+ * older GCC (pre gcc-4.3 picked as the cutoff) uses a different syntax,
+ * and some compilers, like Intel ICC and MCST LCC, do not support it at all. */
+#if !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(__clang__) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__LCC__)
 #  if (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ > 3) || (__GNUC__ >= 5)
 #    define DONT_VECTORIZE __attribute__((optimize("no-tree-vectorize")))
 #  else
@@ -134,20 +125,18 @@
 #define LIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect((x), 1))
 #define UNLIKELY(x) (__builtin_expect((x), 0))
 
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_unreachable) || (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 5)))
+#  define ZSTD_UNREACHABLE { assert(0), __builtin_unreachable(); }
+#else
+#  define ZSTD_UNREACHABLE { assert(0); }
+#endif
+
 /* disable warnings */
 
 /*Like DYNAMIC_BMI2 but for compile time determination of BMI2 support*/
 
 
-/* compat. with non-clang compilers */
-#ifndef __has_builtin
-#  define __has_builtin(x) 0
-#endif
-
-/* compat. with non-clang compilers */
-#ifndef __has_feature
-#  define __has_feature(x) 0
-#endif
+/* compile time determination of SIMD support */
 
 /* C-language Attributes are added in C23. */
 #if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ > 201710L) && defined(__has_c_attribute)
@@ -168,10 +157,28 @@
  */
 #define ZSTD_FALLTHROUGH fallthrough
 
-/* detects whether we are being compiled under msan */
+/*-**************************************************************
+*  Alignment check
+*****************************************************************/
+
+/* this test was initially positioned in mem.h,
+ * but this file is removed (or replaced) for linux kernel
+ * so it's now hosted in compiler.h,
+ * which remains valid for both user & kernel spaces.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ZSTD_ALIGNOF
+/* covers gcc, clang & MSVC */
+/* note : this section must come first, before C11,
+ * due to a limitation in the kernel source generator */
+#  define ZSTD_ALIGNOF(T) __alignof(T)
+
+#endif /* ZSTD_ALIGNOF */
 
+/*-**************************************************************
+*  Sanitizer
+*****************************************************************/
 
-/* detects whether we are being compiled under asan */
 
 
 #endif /* ZSTD_COMPILER_H */

lib/zstd/common/entropy_common.c

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static size_t FSE_readNCount_body_default(
 }
 
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
-TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("bmi2") static size_t FSE_readNCount_body_bmi2(
+BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE static size_t FSE_readNCount_body_bmi2(
         short* normalizedCounter, unsigned* maxSVPtr, unsigned* tableLogPtr,
         const void* headerBuffer, size_t hbSize)
 {
@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ size_t FSE_readNCount(
     return FSE_readNCount_bmi2(normalizedCounter, maxSVPtr, tableLogPtr, headerBuffer, hbSize, /* bmi2 */ 0);
 }
 
+
 /*! HUF_readStats() :
     Read compact Huffman tree, saved by HUF_writeCTable().
     `huffWeight` is destination buffer.
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ HUF_readStats_body(BYTE* huffWeight, size_t hwSize, U32* rankStats,
     ZSTD_memset(rankStats, 0, (HUF_TABLELOG_MAX + 1) * sizeof(U32));
     weightTotal = 0;
     {   U32 n; for (n=0; n<oSize; n++) {
-            if (huffWeight[n] >= HUF_TABLELOG_MAX) return ERROR(corruption_detected);
+            if (huffWeight[n] > HUF_TABLELOG_MAX) return ERROR(corruption_detected);
             rankStats[huffWeight[n]]++;
             weightTotal += (1 << huffWeight[n]) >> 1;
     }   }
@@ -331,7 +332,7 @@ static size_t HUF_readStats_body_default(BYTE* huffWeight, size_t hwSize, U32* r
 }
 
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
-static TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("bmi2") size_t HUF_readStats_body_bmi2(BYTE* huffWeight, size_t hwSize, U32* rankStats,
+static BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE size_t HUF_readStats_body_bmi2(BYTE* huffWeight, size_t hwSize, U32* rankStats,
                      U32* nbSymbolsPtr, U32* tableLogPtr,
                      const void* src, size_t srcSize,
                      void* workSpace, size_t wkspSize)

lib/zstd/common/error_private.h

@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@
 /* ****************************************
 *  Dependencies
 ******************************************/
-#include "zstd_deps.h"    /* size_t */
 #include <linux/zstd_errors.h>  /* enum list */
+#include "compiler.h"
+#include "debug.h"
+#include "zstd_deps.h"       /* size_t */
 
 
 /* ****************************************
@@ -62,5 +64,82 @@ ERR_STATIC const char* ERR_getErrorName(size_t code)
     return ERR_getErrorString(ERR_getErrorCode(code));
 }
 
+/*
+ * Ignore: this is an internal helper.
+ *
+ * This is a helper function to help force C99-correctness during compilation.
+ * Under strict compilation modes, variadic macro arguments can't be empty.
+ * However, variadic function arguments can be. Using a function therefore lets
+ * us statically check that at least one (string) argument was passed,
+ * independent of the compilation flags.
+ */
+static INLINE_KEYWORD UNUSED_ATTR
+void _force_has_format_string(const char *format, ...) {
+  (void)format;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ignore: this is an internal helper.
+ *
+ * We want to force this function invocation to be syntactically correct, but
+ * we don't want to force runtime evaluation of its arguments.
+ */
+#define _FORCE_HAS_FORMAT_STRING(...) \
+  if (0) { \
+    _force_has_format_string(__VA_ARGS__); \
+  }
+
+#define ERR_QUOTE(str) #str
+
+/*
+ * Return the specified error if the condition evaluates to true.
+ *
+ * In debug modes, prints additional information.
+ * In order to do that (particularly, printing the conditional that failed),
+ * this can't just wrap RETURN_ERROR().
+ */
+#define RETURN_ERROR_IF(cond, err, ...) \
+  if (cond) { \
+    RAWLOG(3, "%s:%d: ERROR!: check %s failed, returning %s", \
+           __FILE__, __LINE__, ERR_QUOTE(cond), ERR_QUOTE(ERROR(err))); \
+    _FORCE_HAS_FORMAT_STRING(__VA_ARGS__); \
+    RAWLOG(3, ": " __VA_ARGS__); \
+    RAWLOG(3, "\n"); \
+    return ERROR(err); \
+  }
+
+/*
+ * Unconditionally return the specified error.
+ *
+ * In debug modes, prints additional information.
+ */
+#define RETURN_ERROR(err, ...) \
+  do { \
+    RAWLOG(3, "%s:%d: ERROR!: unconditional check failed, returning %s", \
+           __FILE__, __LINE__, ERR_QUOTE(ERROR(err))); \
+    _FORCE_HAS_FORMAT_STRING(__VA_ARGS__); \
+    RAWLOG(3, ": " __VA_ARGS__); \
+    RAWLOG(3, "\n"); \
+    return ERROR(err); \
+  } while(0);
+
+/*
+ * If the provided expression evaluates to an error code, returns that error code.
+ *
+ * In debug modes, prints additional information.
+ */
+#define FORWARD_IF_ERROR(err, ...) \
+  do { \
+    size_t const err_code = (err); \
+    if (ERR_isError(err_code)) { \
+      RAWLOG(3, "%s:%d: ERROR!: forwarding error in %s: %s", \
+             __FILE__, __LINE__, ERR_QUOTE(err), ERR_getErrorName(err_code)); \
+      _FORCE_HAS_FORMAT_STRING(__VA_ARGS__); \
+      RAWLOG(3, ": " __VA_ARGS__); \
+      RAWLOG(3, "\n"); \
+      return err_code; \
+    } \
+  } while(0);
+
 
 #endif /* ERROR_H_MODULE */

lib/zstd/common/fse.h

@@ -333,8 +333,9 @@ size_t FSE_buildCTable_rle (FSE_CTable* ct, unsigned char symbolValue);
 /* FSE_buildCTable_wksp() :
  * Same as FSE_buildCTable(), but using an externally allocated scratch buffer (`workSpace`).
  * `wkspSize` must be >= `FSE_BUILD_CTABLE_WORKSPACE_SIZE_U32(maxSymbolValue, tableLog)` of `unsigned`.
+ * See FSE_buildCTable_wksp() for breakdown of workspace usage.
  */
-#define FSE_BUILD_CTABLE_WORKSPACE_SIZE_U32(maxSymbolValue, tableLog) (maxSymbolValue + 2 + (1ull << (tableLog - 2)))
+#define FSE_BUILD_CTABLE_WORKSPACE_SIZE_U32(maxSymbolValue, tableLog) (((maxSymbolValue + 2) + (1ull << (tableLog)))/2 + sizeof(U64)/sizeof(U32) /* additional 8 bytes for potential table overwrite */)
 #define FSE_BUILD_CTABLE_WORKSPACE_SIZE(maxSymbolValue, tableLog) (sizeof(unsigned) * FSE_BUILD_CTABLE_WORKSPACE_SIZE_U32(maxSymbolValue, tableLog))
 size_t FSE_buildCTable_wksp(FSE_CTable* ct, const short* normalizedCounter, unsigned maxSymbolValue, unsigned tableLog, void* workSpace, size_t wkspSize);
 

lib/zstd/common/fse_decompress.c

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ static size_t FSE_decompress_wksp_body_default(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, co
 }
 
 #if DYNAMIC_BMI2
-TARGET_ATTRIBUTE("bmi2") static size_t FSE_decompress_wksp_body_bmi2(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* cSrc, size_t cSrcSize, unsigned maxLog, void* workSpace, size_t wkspSize)
+BMI2_TARGET_ATTRIBUTE static size_t FSE_decompress_wksp_body_bmi2(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* cSrc, size_t cSrcSize, unsigned maxLog, void* workSpace, size_t wkspSize)
 {
     return FSE_decompress_wksp_body(dst, dstCapacity, cSrc, cSrcSize, maxLog, workSpace, wkspSize, 1);
 }