x86/vdso: Move vDSO to mmap region

The vDSO (and its initial randomization) was introduced in commit 2aae950
("x86_64: Add vDSO for x86-64 with gettimeofday/clock_gettime/getcpu"), but
had very low entropy. The entropy was improved in commit 394f56f
("x86_64, vdso: Fix the vdso address randomization algorithm"), but there
is still improvement to be made.

In principle there should not be executable code at a low entropy offset
from the stack, since the stack and executable code having separate
randomization is part of what makes ASLR stronger.

Remove the only executable code near the stack region and give the vDSO
the same randomized base as other mmap mappings including the linker
and other shared objects. This results in higher entropy being provided
and there's little to no advantage in separating this from the existing
executable code there. This is already how other architectures like
arm64 handle the vDSO.

As an side, while it's sensible for userspace to reserve the initial mmap
base as a region for executable code with a random gap for other mmap
allocations, along with providing randomization within that region, there
isn't much the kernel can do to help due to how dynamic linkers load the
shared objects.

This was extracted from the PaX RANDMMAP feature.

[kees: updated commit log with historical details and other tweaks]

Signed-off-by: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Closes: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/280
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240210091827.work.233-kees@kernel.org

arch/x86/entry/vdso/vma.c

@@ -274,59 +274,6 @@ static int map_vdso(const struct vdso_image *image, unsigned long addr)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-/*
- * Put the vdso above the (randomized) stack with another randomized
- * offset.  This way there is no hole in the middle of address space.
- * To save memory make sure it is still in the same PTE as the stack
- * top.  This doesn't give that many random bits.
- *
- * Note that this algorithm is imperfect: the distribution of the vdso
- * start address within a PMD is biased toward the end.
- *
- * Only used for the 64-bit and x32 vdsos.
- */
-static unsigned long vdso_addr(unsigned long start, unsigned len)
-{
-	unsigned long addr, end;
-	unsigned offset;
-
-	/*
-	 * Round up the start address.  It can start out unaligned as a result
-	 * of stack start randomization.
-	 */
-	start = PAGE_ALIGN(start);
-
-	/* Round the lowest possible end address up to a PMD boundary. */
-	end = (start + len + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
-	if (end >= DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW)
-		end = DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW;
-	end -= len;
-
-	if (end > start) {
-		offset = get_random_u32_below(((end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + 1);
-		addr = start + (offset << PAGE_SHIFT);
-	} else {
-		addr = start;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Forcibly align the final address in case we have a hardware
-	 * issue that requires alignment for performance reasons.
-	 */
-	addr = align_vdso_addr(addr);
-
-	return addr;
-}
-
-static int map_vdso_randomized(const struct vdso_image *image)
-{
-	unsigned long addr = vdso_addr(current->mm->start_stack, image->size-image->sym_vvar_start);
-
-	return map_vdso(image, addr);
-}
-#endif
-
 int map_vdso_once(const struct vdso_image *image, unsigned long addr)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
@@ -369,7 +316,7 @@ int arch_setup_additional_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm, int uses_interp)
 	if (!vdso64_enabled)
 		return 0;
 
-	return map_vdso_randomized(&vdso_image_64);
+	return map_vdso(&vdso_image_64, 0);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
@@ -380,7 +327,7 @@ int compat_arch_setup_additional_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
 	if (x32) {
 		if (!vdso64_enabled)
 			return 0;
-		return map_vdso_randomized(&vdso_image_x32);
+		return map_vdso(&vdso_image_x32, 0);
 	}
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION

arch/x86/include/asm/elf.h

@@ -392,5 +392,4 @@ struct va_alignment {
 } ____cacheline_aligned;
 
 extern struct va_alignment va_align;
-extern unsigned long align_vdso_addr(unsigned long);
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ELF_H */

arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c

@@ -52,13 +52,6 @@ static unsigned long get_align_bits(void)
 	return va_align.bits & get_align_mask();
 }
 
-unsigned long align_vdso_addr(unsigned long addr)
-{
-	unsigned long align_mask = get_align_mask();
-	addr = (addr + align_mask) & ~align_mask;
-	return addr | get_align_bits();
-}
-
 static int __init control_va_addr_alignment(char *str)
 {
 	/* guard against enabling this on other CPU families */