bpf: Prevent pointer mismatch in bpf_timer_init.

bpf_timer_init() arguments are:
1. pointer to a timer (which is embedded in map element).
2. pointer to a map.
Make sure that pointer to a timer actually belongs to that map.

Use map_uid (which is unique id of inner map) to reject:
inner_map1 = bpf_map_lookup_elem(outer_map, key1)
inner_map2 = bpf_map_lookup_elem(outer_map, key2)
if (inner_map1 && inner_map2) {
    timer = bpf_map_lookup_elem(inner_map1);
    if (timer)
        // mismatch would have been allowed
        bpf_timer_init(timer, inner_map2);
}

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210715005417.78572-6-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com

include/linux/bpf_verifier.h

@@ -53,7 +53,14 @@ struct bpf_reg_state {
 		/* valid when type == CONST_PTR_TO_MAP | PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE |
 		 *   PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL
 		 */
-		struct bpf_map *map_ptr;
+		struct {
+			struct bpf_map *map_ptr;
+			/* To distinguish map lookups from outer map
+			 * the map_uid is non-zero for registers
+			 * pointing to inner maps.
+			 */
+			u32 map_uid;
+		};
 
 		/* for PTR_TO_BTF_ID */
 		struct {

kernel/bpf/verifier.c

@@ -255,6 +255,7 @@ struct bpf_call_arg_meta {
 	int mem_size;
 	u64 msize_max_value;
 	int ref_obj_id;
+	int map_uid;
 	int func_id;
 	struct btf *btf;
 	u32 btf_id;
@@ -1135,6 +1136,10 @@ static void mark_ptr_not_null_reg(struct bpf_reg_state *reg)
 		if (map->inner_map_meta) {
 			reg->type = CONST_PTR_TO_MAP;
 			reg->map_ptr = map->inner_map_meta;
+			/* transfer reg's id which is unique for every map_lookup_elem
+			 * as UID of the inner map.
+			 */
+			reg->map_uid = reg->id;
 		} else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP) {
 			reg->type = PTR_TO_XDP_SOCK;
 		} else if (map->map_type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP ||
@@ -4708,6 +4713,7 @@ static int process_timer_func(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int regno,
 		verbose(env, "verifier bug. Two map pointers in a timer helper\n");
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
+	meta->map_uid = reg->map_uid;
 	meta->map_ptr = map;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -5006,11 +5012,29 @@ static int check_func_arg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 arg,
 
 	if (arg_type == ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR) {
 		/* bpf_map_xxx(map_ptr) call: remember that map_ptr */
-		if (meta->map_ptr && meta->map_ptr != reg->map_ptr) {
-			verbose(env, "Map pointer doesn't match bpf_timer.\n");
-			return -EINVAL;
+		if (meta->map_ptr) {
+			/* Use map_uid (which is unique id of inner map) to reject:
+			 * inner_map1 = bpf_map_lookup_elem(outer_map, key1)
+			 * inner_map2 = bpf_map_lookup_elem(outer_map, key2)
+			 * if (inner_map1 && inner_map2) {
+			 *     timer = bpf_map_lookup_elem(inner_map1);
+			 *     if (timer)
+			 *         // mismatch would have been allowed
+			 *         bpf_timer_init(timer, inner_map2);
+			 * }
+			 *
+			 * Comparing map_ptr is enough to distinguish normal and outer maps.
+			 */
+			if (meta->map_ptr != reg->map_ptr ||
+			    meta->map_uid != reg->map_uid) {
+				verbose(env,
+					"timer pointer in R1 map_uid=%d doesn't match map pointer in R2 map_uid=%d\n",
+					meta->map_uid, reg->map_uid);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
 		}
 		meta->map_ptr = reg->map_ptr;
+		meta->map_uid = reg->map_uid;
 	} else if (arg_type == ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_KEY) {
 		/* bpf_map_xxx(..., map_ptr, ..., key) call:
 		 * check that [key, key + map->key_size) are within
@@ -6204,6 +6228,7 @@ static int check_helper_call(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_insn *insn
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 		regs[BPF_REG_0].map_ptr = meta.map_ptr;
+		regs[BPF_REG_0].map_uid = meta.map_uid;
 		if (fn->ret_type == RET_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE) {
 			regs[BPF_REG_0].type = PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE;
 			if (map_value_has_spin_lock(meta.map_ptr))