ext4: fix race when reusing xattr blocks

When ext4_xattr_block_set() decides to remove xattr block the following
race can happen:

CPU1                                    CPU2
ext4_xattr_block_set()                  ext4_xattr_release_block()
  new_bh = ext4_xattr_block_cache_find()

                                          lock_buffer(bh);
                                          ref = le32_to_cpu(BHDR(bh)->h_refcount);
                                          if (ref == 1) {
                                            ...
                                            mb_cache_entry_delete();
                                            unlock_buffer(bh);
                                            ext4_free_blocks();
                                              ...
                                              ext4_forget(..., bh, ...);
                                                jbd2_journal_revoke(..., bh);

  ext4_journal_get_write_access(..., new_bh, ...)
    do_get_write_access()
      jbd2_journal_cancel_revoke(..., new_bh);

Later the code in ext4_xattr_block_set() finds out the block got freed
and cancels reusal of the block but the revoke stays canceled and so in
case of block reuse and journal replay the filesystem can get corrupted.
If the race works out slightly differently, we can also hit assertions
in the jbd2 code.

Fix the problem by making sure that once matching mbcache entry is
found, code dropping the last xattr block reference (or trying to modify
xattr block in place) waits until the mbcache entry reference is
dropped. This way code trying to reuse xattr block is protected from
someone trying to drop the last reference to xattr block.

Reported-and-tested-by: Ritesh Harjani <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 82939d7 ("ext4: convert to mbcache2")
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220712105436.32204-5-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

fs/ext4/xattr.c

@@ -439,9 +439,16 @@ static int ext4_xattr_inode_iget(struct inode *parent, unsigned long ea_ino,
 /* Remove entry from mbcache when EA inode is getting evicted */
 void ext4_evict_ea_inode(struct inode *inode)
 {
-	if (EA_INODE_CACHE(inode))
-		mb_cache_entry_delete(EA_INODE_CACHE(inode),
-			ext4_xattr_inode_get_hash(inode), inode->i_ino);
+	struct mb_cache_entry *oe;
+
+	if (!EA_INODE_CACHE(inode))
+		return;
+	/* Wait for entry to get unused so that we can remove it */
+	while ((oe = mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(EA_INODE_CACHE(inode),
+			ext4_xattr_inode_get_hash(inode), inode->i_ino))) {
+		mb_cache_entry_wait_unused(oe);
+		mb_cache_entry_put(EA_INODE_CACHE(inode), oe);
+	}
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1229,6 +1236,7 @@ ext4_xattr_release_block(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 	if (error)
 		goto out;
 
+retry_ref:
 	lock_buffer(bh);
 	hash = le32_to_cpu(BHDR(bh)->h_hash);
 	ref = le32_to_cpu(BHDR(bh)->h_refcount);
@@ -1238,9 +1246,18 @@ ext4_xattr_release_block(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 		 * This must happen under buffer lock for
 		 * ext4_xattr_block_set() to reliably detect freed block
 		 */
-		if (ea_block_cache)
-			mb_cache_entry_delete(ea_block_cache, hash,
-					      bh->b_blocknr);
+		if (ea_block_cache) {
+			struct mb_cache_entry *oe;
+
+			oe = mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(ea_block_cache, hash,
+							  bh->b_blocknr);
+			if (oe) {
+				unlock_buffer(bh);
+				mb_cache_entry_wait_unused(oe);
+				mb_cache_entry_put(ea_block_cache, oe);
+				goto retry_ref;
+			}
+		}
 		get_bh(bh);
 		unlock_buffer(bh);
 
@@ -1867,9 +1884,20 @@ ext4_xattr_block_set(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 			 * ext4_xattr_block_set() to reliably detect modified
 			 * block
 			 */
-			if (ea_block_cache)
-				mb_cache_entry_delete(ea_block_cache, hash,
-						      bs->bh->b_blocknr);
+			if (ea_block_cache) {
+				struct mb_cache_entry *oe;
+
+				oe = mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(ea_block_cache,
+					hash, bs->bh->b_blocknr);
+				if (oe) {
+					/*
+					 * Xattr block is getting reused. Leave
+					 * it alone.
+					 */
+					mb_cache_entry_put(ea_block_cache, oe);
+					goto clone_block;
+				}
+			}
 			ea_bdebug(bs->bh, "modifying in-place");
 			error = ext4_xattr_set_entry(i, s, handle, inode,
 						     true /* is_block */);
@@ -1885,6 +1913,7 @@ ext4_xattr_block_set(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 				goto cleanup;
 			goto inserted;
 		}
+clone_block:
 		unlock_buffer(bs->bh);
 		ea_bdebug(bs->bh, "cloning");
 		s->base = kmemdup(BHDR(bs->bh), bs->bh->b_size, GFP_NOFS);
@@ -1990,18 +2019,13 @@ ext4_xattr_block_set(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 				lock_buffer(new_bh);
 				/*
 				 * We have to be careful about races with
-				 * freeing, rehashing or adding references to
-				 * xattr block. Once we hold buffer lock xattr
-				 * block's state is stable so we can check
-				 * whether the block got freed / rehashed or
-				 * not.  Since we unhash mbcache entry under
-				 * buffer lock when freeing / rehashing xattr
-				 * block, checking whether entry is still
-				 * hashed is reliable. Same rules hold for
-				 * e_reusable handling.
+				 * adding references to xattr block. Once we
+				 * hold buffer lock xattr block's state is
+				 * stable so we can check the additional
+				 * reference fits.
 				 */
-				if (hlist_bl_unhashed(&ce->e_hash_list) ||
-				    !ce->e_reusable) {
+				ref = le32_to_cpu(BHDR(new_bh)->h_refcount) + 1;
+				if (ref > EXT4_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX) {
 					/*
 					 * Undo everything and check mbcache
 					 * again.
@@ -2016,9 +2040,8 @@ ext4_xattr_block_set(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 					new_bh = NULL;
 					goto inserted;
 				}
-				ref = le32_to_cpu(BHDR(new_bh)->h_refcount) + 1;
 				BHDR(new_bh)->h_refcount = cpu_to_le32(ref);
-				if (ref >= EXT4_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX)
+				if (ref == EXT4_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX)
 					ce->e_reusable = 0;
 				ea_bdebug(new_bh, "reusing; refcount now=%d",
 					  ref);