[PATCH] tick-management: dyntick / highres functionality

With Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Add functions to provide dynamic ticks and high resolution timers.  The code
which keeps track of jiffies and handles the long idle periods is shared
between tick based and high resolution timer based dynticks.  The dyntick
functionality can be disabled on the kernel commandline.  Provide also the
infrastructure to support high resolution timers.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -1078,6 +1078,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
 			in certain environments such as networked servers or
 			real-time systems.
 
+	nohz=		[KNL] Boottime enable/disable dynamic ticks
+			Valid arguments: on, off
+			Default: on
+
 	noirqbalance	[IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
 
 	noirqdebug	[IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and

include/linux/hardirq.h

@@ -106,6 +106,16 @@ static inline void account_system_vtime(struct task_struct *tsk)
  * always balanced, so the interrupted value of ->hardirq_context
  * will always be restored.
  */
+#define __irq_enter()					\
+	do {						\
+		account_system_vtime(current);		\
+		add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);	\
+		trace_hardirq_enter();			\
+	} while (0)
+
+/*
+ * Enter irq context (on NO_HZ, update jiffies):
+ */
 extern void irq_enter(void);
 
 /*
@@ -123,7 +133,7 @@ extern void irq_enter(void);
  */
 extern void irq_exit(void);
 
-#define nmi_enter()		do { lockdep_off(); irq_enter(); } while (0)
+#define nmi_enter()		do { lockdep_off(); __irq_enter(); } while (0)
 #define nmi_exit()		do { __irq_exit(); lockdep_on(); } while (0)
 
 #endif /* LINUX_HARDIRQ_H */

include/linux/hrtimer.h

@@ -201,4 +201,10 @@ extern void hrtimer_run_queues(void);
 /* Bootup initialization: */
 extern void __init hrtimers_init(void);
 
+#if BITS_PER_LONG < 64
+extern unsigned long ktime_divns(const ktime_t kt, s64 div);
+#else /* BITS_PER_LONG < 64 */
+# define ktime_divns(kt, div)		(unsigned long)((kt).tv64 / (div))
+#endif
+
 #endif

include/linux/tick.h

@@ -20,12 +20,79 @@ struct tick_device {
 	enum tick_device_mode mode;
 };
 
+enum tick_nohz_mode {
+	NOHZ_MODE_INACTIVE,
+	NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES,
+	NOHZ_MODE_HIGHRES,
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct tick_sched - sched tick emulation and no idle tick control/stats
+ * @sched_timer:	hrtimer to schedule the periodic tick in high
+ *			resolution mode
+ * @idle_tick:		Store the last idle tick expiry time when the tick
+ *			timer is modified for idle sleeps. This is necessary
+ *			to resume the tick timer operation in the timeline
+ *			when the CPU returns from idle
+ * @tick_stopped:	Indicator that the idle tick has been stopped
+ * @idle_jiffies:	jiffies at the entry to idle for idle time accounting
+ * @idle_calls:		Total number of idle calls
+ * @idle_sleeps:	Number of idle calls, where the sched tick was stopped
+ * @idle_entrytime:	Time when the idle call was entered
+ * @idle_sleeptime:	Sum of the time slept in idle with sched tick stopped
+ */
+struct tick_sched {
+	struct hrtimer			sched_timer;
+	unsigned long			check_clocks;
+	enum tick_nohz_mode		nohz_mode;
+	ktime_t				idle_tick;
+	int				tick_stopped;
+	unsigned long			idle_jiffies;
+	unsigned long			idle_calls;
+	unsigned long			idle_sleeps;
+	ktime_t				idle_entrytime;
+	ktime_t				idle_sleeptime;
+	unsigned long			last_jiffies;
+	unsigned long			next_jiffies;
+	ktime_t				idle_expires;
+};
+
 extern void __init tick_init(void);
+extern int tick_is_oneshot_available(void);
+
+# ifdef CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS
+extern int tick_init_highres(void);
+extern int tick_program_event(ktime_t expires, int force);
+extern void tick_setup_sched_timer(void);
+extern void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu);
+# else
+static inline void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu) { }
+# endif /* HIGHRES */
 
-#else
+# ifdef CONFIG_TICK_ONESHOT
+extern void tick_clock_notify(void);
+extern int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz);
+extern struct tick_sched *tick_get_tick_sched(int cpu);
+# else
+static inline void tick_clock_notify(void) { }
+static inline int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz) { return 0; }
+# endif
 
+#else /* CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS */
 static inline void tick_init(void) { }
+static inline void tick_cancel_sched_timer(int cpu) { }
+static inline void tick_clock_notify(void) { }
+static inline int tick_check_oneshot_change(int allow_nohz) { return 0; }
+#endif /* !CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS */
 
-#endif
+# ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
+extern void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(void);
+extern void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void);
+extern void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void);
+# else
+static inline void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(void) { }
+static inline void tick_nohz_restart_sched_tick(void) { }
+static inline void tick_nohz_update_jiffies(void) { }
+# endif /* !NO_HZ */
 
 #endif

kernel/hrtimer.c

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
  *  linux/kernel/hrtimer.c
  *
  *  Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
- *  Copyright(C) 2005-2006, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
- *  Copyright(C) 2006	    Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner <tglx@timesys.com>
+ *  Copyright(C) 2005-2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
+ *  Copyright(C) 2006-2007  Timesys Corp., Thomas Gleixner <tglx@timesys.com>
  *
  *  High-resolution kernel timers
  *
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <linux/notifier.h>
 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/tick.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ ktime_t ktime_add_ns(const ktime_t kt, u64 nsec)
 /*
  * Divide a ktime value by a nanosecond value
  */
-static unsigned long ktime_divns(const ktime_t kt, s64 div)
+unsigned long ktime_divns(const ktime_t kt, s64 div)
 {
 	u64 dclc, inc, dns;
 	int sft = 0;
@@ -305,9 +306,6 @@ static unsigned long ktime_divns(const ktime_t kt, s64 div)
 
 	return (unsigned long) dclc;
 }
-
-#else /* BITS_PER_LONG < 64 */
-# define ktime_divns(kt, div)		(unsigned long)((kt).tv64 / (div))
 #endif /* BITS_PER_LONG >= 64 */
 
 /*
@@ -682,6 +680,16 @@ void hrtimer_run_queues(void)
 	struct hrtimer_cpu_base *cpu_base = &__get_cpu_var(hrtimer_bases);
 	int i;
 
+	/*
+	 * This _is_ ugly: We have to check in the softirq context,
+	 * whether we can switch to highres and / or nohz mode. The
+	 * clocksource switch happens in the timer interrupt with
+	 * xtime_lock held. Notification from there only sets the
+	 * check bit in the tick_oneshot code, otherwise we might
+	 * deadlock vs. xtime_lock.
+	 */
+	tick_check_oneshot_change(1);
+
 	hrtimer_get_softirq_time(cpu_base);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < HRTIMER_MAX_CLOCK_BASES; i++)

kernel/softirq.c

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/kthread.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/tick.h>
 
 #include <asm/irq.h>
 /*
@@ -278,9 +279,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(do_softirq);
  */
 void irq_enter(void)
 {
-	account_system_vtime(current);
-	add_preempt_count(HARDIRQ_OFFSET);
-	trace_hardirq_enter();
+	__irq_enter();
+#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
+	if (idle_cpu(smp_processor_id()))
+		tick_nohz_update_jiffies();
+#endif
 }
 
 #ifdef __ARCH_IRQ_EXIT_IRQS_DISABLED
@@ -299,6 +302,12 @@ void irq_exit(void)
 	sub_preempt_count(IRQ_EXIT_OFFSET);
 	if (!in_interrupt() && local_softirq_pending())
 		invoke_softirq();
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
+	/* Make sure that timer wheel updates are propagated */
+	if (!in_interrupt() && idle_cpu(smp_processor_id()) && !need_resched())
+		tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick();
+#endif
 	preempt_enable_no_resched();
 }
 

kernel/time/Kconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#
+# Timer subsystem related configuration options
+#
+config TICK_ONESHOT
+	bool
+	default n
+
+config NO_HZ
+	bool "Tickless System (Dynamic Ticks)"
+	depends on GENERIC_TIME && GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
+	select TICK_ONESHOT
+	help
+	  This option enables a tickless system: timer interrupts will
+	  only trigger on an as-needed basis both when the system is
+	  busy and when the system is idle.

kernel/time/Makefile

@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@ obj-y += ntp.o clocksource.o jiffies.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS)		+= clockevents.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS)		+= tick-common.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST)	+= tick-broadcast.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_TICK_ONESHOT)			+= tick-oneshot.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_TICK_ONESHOT)			+= tick-sched.o

kernel/time/clocksource.c

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h> /* for spin_unlock_irq() using preempt_count() m68k */
+#include <linux/tick.h>
 
 /* XXX - Would like a better way for initializing curr_clocksource */
 extern struct clocksource clocksource_jiffies;
@@ -109,6 +110,13 @@ static void clocksource_watchdog(unsigned long data)
 			if ((cs->flags & CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS) &&
 			    (watchdog->flags & CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS)) {
 				cs->flags |= CLOCK_SOURCE_VALID_FOR_HRES;
+				/*
+				 * We just marked the clocksource as
+				 * highres-capable, notify the rest of the
+				 * system as well so that we transition
+				 * into high-res mode:
+				 */
+				tick_clock_notify();
 			}
 			cs->flags |= CLOCK_SOURCE_WATCHDOG;
 			cs->wd_last = csnow;