bpf: keep a reference to the mm, in case the task is dead.

Fix the system crash that happens when a task iterator travel through
vma of tasks.

In task iterators, we used to access mm by following the pointer on
the task_struct; however, the death of a task will clear the pointer,
even though we still hold the task_struct.  That can cause an
unexpected crash for a null pointer when an iterator is visiting a
task that dies during the visit.  Keeping a reference of mm on the
iterator ensures we always have a valid pointer to mm.

Co-developed-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kui-Feng Lee <kuifeng@meta.com>
Reported-by: Nathan Slingerland <slinger@meta.com>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221216221855.4122288-2-kuifeng@meta.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

kernel/bpf/task_iter.c

@@ -438,6 +438,7 @@ struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info {
 	 */
 	struct bpf_iter_seq_task_common common;
 	struct task_struct *task;
+	struct mm_struct *mm;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 	u32 tid;
 	unsigned long prev_vm_start;
@@ -456,16 +457,19 @@ task_vma_seq_get_next(struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info *info)
 	enum bpf_task_vma_iter_find_op op;
 	struct vm_area_struct *curr_vma;
 	struct task_struct *curr_task;
+	struct mm_struct *curr_mm;
 	u32 saved_tid = info->tid;
 
 	/* If this function returns a non-NULL vma, it holds a reference to
-	 * the task_struct, and holds read lock on vma->mm->mmap_lock.
+	 * the task_struct, holds a refcount on mm->mm_users, and holds
+	 * read lock on vma->mm->mmap_lock.
 	 * If this function returns NULL, it does not hold any reference or
 	 * lock.
 	 */
 	if (info->task) {
 		curr_task = info->task;
 		curr_vma = info->vma;
+		curr_mm = info->mm;
 		/* In case of lock contention, drop mmap_lock to unblock
 		 * the writer.
 		 *
@@ -504,13 +508,15 @@ task_vma_seq_get_next(struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info *info)
 		 *    4.2) VMA2 and VMA2' covers different ranges, process
 		 *         VMA2'.
 		 */
-		if (mmap_lock_is_contended(curr_task->mm)) {
+		if (mmap_lock_is_contended(curr_mm)) {
 			info->prev_vm_start = curr_vma->vm_start;
 			info->prev_vm_end = curr_vma->vm_end;
 			op = task_vma_iter_find_vma;
-			mmap_read_unlock(curr_task->mm);
-			if (mmap_read_lock_killable(curr_task->mm))
+			mmap_read_unlock(curr_mm);
+			if (mmap_read_lock_killable(curr_mm)) {
+				mmput(curr_mm);
 				goto finish;
+			}
 		} else {
 			op = task_vma_iter_next_vma;
 		}
@@ -535,42 +541,47 @@ task_vma_seq_get_next(struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info *info)
 			op = task_vma_iter_find_vma;
 		}
 
-		if (!curr_task->mm)
+		curr_mm = get_task_mm(curr_task);
+		if (!curr_mm)
 			goto next_task;
 
-		if (mmap_read_lock_killable(curr_task->mm))
+		if (mmap_read_lock_killable(curr_mm)) {
+			mmput(curr_mm);
 			goto finish;
+		}
 	}
 
 	switch (op) {
 	case task_vma_iter_first_vma:
-		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_task->mm, 0);
+		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_mm, 0);
 		break;
 	case task_vma_iter_next_vma:
-		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_task->mm, curr_vma->vm_end);
+		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_mm, curr_vma->vm_end);
 		break;
 	case task_vma_iter_find_vma:
 		/* We dropped mmap_lock so it is necessary to use find_vma
 		 * to find the next vma. This is similar to the  mechanism
 		 * in show_smaps_rollup().
 		 */
-		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_task->mm, info->prev_vm_end - 1);
+		curr_vma = find_vma(curr_mm, info->prev_vm_end - 1);
 		/* case 1) and 4.2) above just use curr_vma */
 
 		/* check for case 2) or case 4.1) above */
 		if (curr_vma &&
 		    curr_vma->vm_start == info->prev_vm_start &&
 		    curr_vma->vm_end == info->prev_vm_end)
-			curr_vma = find_vma(curr_task->mm, curr_vma->vm_end);
+			curr_vma = find_vma(curr_mm, curr_vma->vm_end);
 		break;
 	}
 	if (!curr_vma) {
 		/* case 3) above, or case 2) 4.1) with vma->next == NULL */
-		mmap_read_unlock(curr_task->mm);
+		mmap_read_unlock(curr_mm);
+		mmput(curr_mm);
 		goto next_task;
 	}
 	info->task = curr_task;
 	info->vma = curr_vma;
+	info->mm = curr_mm;
 	return curr_vma;
 
 next_task:
@@ -579,6 +590,7 @@ task_vma_seq_get_next(struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info *info)
 
 	put_task_struct(curr_task);
 	info->task = NULL;
+	info->mm = NULL;
 	info->tid++;
 	goto again;
 
@@ -587,6 +599,7 @@ task_vma_seq_get_next(struct bpf_iter_seq_task_vma_info *info)
 		put_task_struct(curr_task);
 	info->task = NULL;
 	info->vma = NULL;
+	info->mm = NULL;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -658,7 +671,9 @@ static void task_vma_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
 		 */
 		info->prev_vm_start = ~0UL;
 		info->prev_vm_end = info->vma->vm_end;
-		mmap_read_unlock(info->task->mm);
+		mmap_read_unlock(info->mm);
+		mmput(info->mm);
+		info->mm = NULL;
 		put_task_struct(info->task);
 		info->task = NULL;
 	}