xen: make multicall debug boot time selectable

Today Xen multicall debugging needs to be enabled via modifying a
define in a source file for getting debug data of multicall errors
encountered by users.

Switch multicall debugging to depend on a boot parameter "xen_mc_debug"
instead, enabling affected users to boot with the new parameter set in
order to get better diagnostics.

With debugging enabled print the following information in case at least
one of the batched calls failed:
- all calls of the batch with operation, result and caller
- all parameters of each call
- all parameters stored in the multicall data for each call

Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Message-ID: <20240710092749.13595-1-jgross@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -7427,6 +7427,12 @@
 			Crash from Xen panic notifier, without executing late
 			panic() code such as dumping handler.
 
+	xen_mc_debug	[X86,XEN,EARLY]
+			Enable multicall debugging when running as a Xen PV guest.
+			Enabling this feature will reduce performance a little
+			bit, so it should only be enabled for obtaining extended
+			debug data in case of multicall errors.
+
 	xen_msr_safe=	[X86,XEN,EARLY]
 			Format: <bool>
 			Select whether to always use non-faulting (safe) MSR

arch/x86/xen/multicalls.c

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/jump_label.h>
+#include <linux/printk.h>
 
 #include <asm/xen/hypercall.h>
 
@@ -31,32 +33,111 @@
 
 #define MC_BATCH	32
 
-#define MC_DEBUG	0
-
 #define MC_ARGS		(MC_BATCH * 16)
 
 
 struct mc_buffer {
 	unsigned mcidx, argidx, cbidx;
 	struct multicall_entry entries[MC_BATCH];
-#if MC_DEBUG
-	struct multicall_entry debug[MC_BATCH];
-	void *caller[MC_BATCH];
-#endif
 	unsigned char args[MC_ARGS];
 	struct callback {
 		void (*fn)(void *);
 		void *data;
 	} callbacks[MC_BATCH];
 };
 
+struct mc_debug_data {
+	struct multicall_entry entries[MC_BATCH];
+	void *caller[MC_BATCH];
+	size_t argsz[MC_BATCH];
+	unsigned long *args[MC_BATCH];
+};
+
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mc_buffer, mc_buffer);
+static struct mc_debug_data mc_debug_data_early __initdata;
+static struct mc_debug_data __percpu *mc_debug_data __refdata =
+	&mc_debug_data_early;
 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, xen_mc_irq_flags);
 
+static struct static_key mc_debug __ro_after_init;
+static bool mc_debug_enabled __initdata;
+
+static int __init xen_parse_mc_debug(char *arg)
+{
+	mc_debug_enabled = true;
+	static_key_slow_inc(&mc_debug);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+early_param("xen_mc_debug", xen_parse_mc_debug);
+
+static int __init mc_debug_enable(void)
+{
+	struct mc_debug_data __percpu *mcdb;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (!mc_debug_enabled)
+		return 0;
+
+	mcdb = alloc_percpu(struct mc_debug_data);
+	if (!mcdb) {
+		pr_err("xen_mc_debug inactive\n");
+		static_key_slow_dec(&mc_debug);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	/* Be careful when switching to percpu debug data. */
+	local_irq_save(flags);
+	xen_mc_flush();
+	mc_debug_data = mcdb;
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
+
+	pr_info("xen_mc_debug active\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+early_initcall(mc_debug_enable);
+
+/* Number of parameters of hypercalls used via multicalls. */
+static const uint8_t hpcpars[] = {
+	[__HYPERVISOR_mmu_update] = 4,
+	[__HYPERVISOR_stack_switch] = 2,
+	[__HYPERVISOR_fpu_taskswitch] = 1,
+	[__HYPERVISOR_update_descriptor] = 2,
+	[__HYPERVISOR_update_va_mapping] = 3,
+	[__HYPERVISOR_mmuext_op] = 4,
+};
+
+static void print_debug_data(struct mc_buffer *b, struct mc_debug_data *mcdb,
+			     int idx)
+{
+	unsigned int arg;
+	unsigned int opidx = mcdb->entries[idx].op & 0xff;
+	unsigned int pars = 0;
+
+	pr_err("  call %2d: op=%lu result=%ld caller=%pS ", idx + 1,
+	       mcdb->entries[idx].op, b->entries[idx].result,
+	       mcdb->caller[idx]);
+	if (opidx < ARRAY_SIZE(hpcpars))
+		pars = hpcpars[opidx];
+	if (pars) {
+		pr_cont("pars=");
+		for (arg = 0; arg < pars; arg++)
+			pr_cont("%lx ", mcdb->entries[idx].args[arg]);
+	}
+	if (mcdb->argsz[idx]) {
+		pr_cont("args=");
+		for (arg = 0; arg < mcdb->argsz[idx] / 8; arg++)
+			pr_cont("%lx ", mcdb->args[idx][arg]);
+	}
+	pr_cont("\n");
+}
+
 void xen_mc_flush(void)
 {
 	struct mc_buffer *b = this_cpu_ptr(&mc_buffer);
 	struct multicall_entry *mc;
+	struct mc_debug_data *mcdb = NULL;
 	int ret = 0;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int i;
@@ -69,10 +150,11 @@ void xen_mc_flush(void)
 
 	trace_xen_mc_flush(b->mcidx, b->argidx, b->cbidx);
 
-#if MC_DEBUG
-	memcpy(b->debug, b->entries,
-	       b->mcidx * sizeof(struct multicall_entry));
-#endif
+	if (static_key_false(&mc_debug)) {
+		mcdb = this_cpu_ptr(mc_debug_data);
+		memcpy(mcdb->entries, b->entries,
+		       b->mcidx * sizeof(struct multicall_entry));
+	}
 
 	switch (b->mcidx) {
 	case 0:
@@ -103,21 +185,14 @@ void xen_mc_flush(void)
 		pr_err("%d of %d multicall(s) failed: cpu %d\n",
 		       ret, b->mcidx, smp_processor_id());
 		for (i = 0; i < b->mcidx; i++) {
-			if (b->entries[i].result < 0) {
-#if MC_DEBUG
-				pr_err("  call %2d: op=%lu arg=[%lx] result=%ld\t%pS\n",
-				       i + 1,
-				       b->debug[i].op,
-				       b->debug[i].args[0],
-				       b->entries[i].result,
-				       b->caller[i]);
-#else
+			if (static_key_false(&mc_debug)) {
+				print_debug_data(b, mcdb, i);
+			} else if (b->entries[i].result < 0) {
 				pr_err("  call %2d: op=%lu arg=[%lx] result=%ld\n",
 				       i + 1,
 				       b->entries[i].op,
 				       b->entries[i].args[0],
 				       b->entries[i].result);
-#endif
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -155,9 +230,13 @@ struct multicall_space __xen_mc_entry(size_t args)
 	}
 
 	ret.mc = &b->entries[b->mcidx];
-#if MC_DEBUG
-	b->caller[b->mcidx] = __builtin_return_address(0);
-#endif
+	if (static_key_false(&mc_debug)) {
+		struct mc_debug_data *mcdb = this_cpu_ptr(mc_debug_data);
+
+		mcdb->caller[b->mcidx] = __builtin_return_address(0);
+		mcdb->argsz[b->mcidx] = args;
+		mcdb->args[b->mcidx] = (unsigned long *)(&b->args[argidx]);
+	}
 	b->mcidx++;
 	ret.args = &b->args[argidx];
 	b->argidx = argidx + args;