vDPA: introduce vDPA bus

vDPA device is a device that uses a datapath which complies with the
virtio specifications with vendor specific control path. vDPA devices
can be both physically located on the hardware or emulated by
software. vDPA hardware devices are usually implemented through PCIE
with the following types:

- PF (Physical Function) - A single Physical Function
- VF (Virtual Function) - Device that supports single root I/O
  virtualization (SR-IOV). Its Virtual Function (VF) represents a
  virtualized instance of the device that can be assigned to different
  partitions
- ADI (Assignable Device Interface) and its equivalents - With
  technologies such as Intel Scalable IOV, a virtual device (VDEV)
  composed by host OS utilizing one or more ADIs. Or its equivalent
  like SF (Sub function) from Mellanox.

>From a driver's perspective, depends on how and where the DMA
translation is done, vDPA devices are split into two types:

- Platform specific DMA translation - From the driver's perspective,
  the device can be used on a platform where device access to data in
  memory is limited and/or translated. An example is a PCIE vDPA whose
  DMA request was tagged via a bus (e.g PCIE) specific way. DMA
  translation and protection are done at PCIE bus IOMMU level.
- Device specific DMA translation - The device implements DMA
  isolation and protection through its own logic. An example is a vDPA
  device which uses on-chip IOMMU.

To hide the differences and complexity of the above types for a vDPA
device/IOMMU options and in order to present a generic virtio device
to the upper layer, a device agnostic framework is required.

This patch introduces a software vDPA bus which abstracts the
common attributes of vDPA device, vDPA bus driver and the
communication method (vdpa_config_ops) between the vDPA device
abstraction and the vDPA bus driver. This allows multiple types of
drivers to be used for vDPA device like the virtio_vdpa and vhost_vdpa
driver to operate on the bus and allow vDPA device could be used by
either kernel virtio driver or userspace vhost drivers as:

   virtio drivers  vhost drivers
          |             |
    [virtio bus]   [vhost uAPI]
          |             |
   virtio device   vhost device
   virtio_vdpa drv vhost_vdpa drv
             \       /
            [vDPA bus]
                 |
            vDPA device
            hardware drv
                 |
            [hardware bus]
                 |
            vDPA hardware

With the abstraction of vDPA bus and vDPA bus operations, the
difference and complexity of the under layer hardware is hidden from
upper layer. The vDPA bus drivers on top can use a unified
vdpa_config_ops to control different types of vDPA device.

Signed-off-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200326140125.19794-6-jasowang@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>

MAINTAINERS

@@ -17699,6 +17699,7 @@ F:	tools/virtio/
 F:	drivers/net/virtio_net.c
 F:	drivers/block/virtio_blk.c
 F:	include/linux/virtio*.h
+F:	include/linux/vdpa.h
 F:	include/uapi/linux/virtio_*.h
 F:	drivers/crypto/virtio/
 F:	mm/balloon_compaction.c

drivers/virtio/Kconfig

@@ -96,3 +96,5 @@ config VIRTIO_MMIO_CMDLINE_DEVICES
 	 If unsure, say 'N'.
 
 endif # VIRTIO_MENU
+
+source "drivers/virtio/vdpa/Kconfig"

drivers/virtio/Makefile

@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ virtio_pci-y := virtio_pci_modern.o virtio_pci_common.o
 virtio_pci-$(CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI_LEGACY) += virtio_pci_legacy.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON) += virtio_balloon.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_VIRTIO_INPUT) += virtio_input.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_VDPA) += vdpa/

drivers/virtio/vdpa/Kconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+config VDPA
+	tristate
+	help
+	  Enable this module to support vDPA device that uses a
+	  datapath which complies with virtio specifications with
+	  vendor specific control path.

drivers/virtio/vdpa/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+obj-$(CONFIG_VDPA) += vdpa.o

drivers/virtio/vdpa/vdpa.c

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * vDPA bus.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Red Hat. All rights reserved.
+ *     Author: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/idr.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vdpa.h>
+
+static DEFINE_IDA(vdpa_index_ida);
+
+static int vdpa_dev_probe(struct device *d)
+{
+	struct vdpa_device *vdev = dev_to_vdpa(d);
+	struct vdpa_driver *drv = drv_to_vdpa(vdev->dev.driver);
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (drv && drv->probe)
+		ret = drv->probe(vdev);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int vdpa_dev_remove(struct device *d)
+{
+	struct vdpa_device *vdev = dev_to_vdpa(d);
+	struct vdpa_driver *drv = drv_to_vdpa(vdev->dev.driver);
+
+	if (drv && drv->remove)
+		drv->remove(vdev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct bus_type vdpa_bus = {
+	.name  = "vdpa",
+	.probe = vdpa_dev_probe,
+	.remove = vdpa_dev_remove,
+};
+
+static void vdpa_release_dev(struct device *d)
+{
+	struct vdpa_device *vdev = dev_to_vdpa(d);
+	const struct vdpa_config_ops *ops = vdev->config;
+
+	if (ops->free)
+		ops->free(vdev);
+
+	ida_simple_remove(&vdpa_index_ida, vdev->index);
+	kfree(vdev);
+}
+
+/**
+ * __vdpa_alloc_device - allocate and initilaize a vDPA device
+ * This allows driver to some prepartion after device is
+ * initialized but before registered.
+ * @parent: the parent device
+ * @config: the bus operations that is supported by this device
+ * @size: size of the parent structure that contains private data
+ *
+ * Drvier should use vdap_alloc_device() wrapper macro instead of
+ * using this directly.
+ *
+ * Returns an error when parent/config/dma_dev is not set or fail to get
+ * ida.
+ */
+struct vdpa_device *__vdpa_alloc_device(struct device *parent,
+					const struct vdpa_config_ops *config,
+					size_t size)
+{
+	struct vdpa_device *vdev;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!config)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (!!config->dma_map != !!config->dma_unmap)
+		goto err;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	vdev = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!vdev)
+		goto err;
+
+	err = ida_simple_get(&vdpa_index_ida, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto err_ida;
+
+	vdev->dev.bus = &vdpa_bus;
+	vdev->dev.parent = parent;
+	vdev->dev.release = vdpa_release_dev;
+	vdev->index = err;
+	vdev->config = config;
+
+	err = dev_set_name(&vdev->dev, "vdpa%u", vdev->index);
+	if (err)
+		goto err_name;
+
+	device_initialize(&vdev->dev);
+
+	return vdev;
+
+err_name:
+	ida_simple_remove(&vdpa_index_ida, vdev->index);
+err_ida:
+	kfree(vdev);
+err:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__vdpa_alloc_device);
+
+/**
+ * vdpa_register_device - register a vDPA device
+ * Callers must have a succeed call of vdpa_init_device() before.
+ * @vdev: the vdpa device to be registered to vDPA bus
+ *
+ * Returns an error when fail to add to vDPA bus
+ */
+int vdpa_register_device(struct vdpa_device *vdev)
+{
+	return device_add(&vdev->dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vdpa_register_device);
+
+/**
+ * vdpa_unregister_device - unregister a vDPA device
+ * @vdev: the vdpa device to be unregisted from vDPA bus
+ */
+void vdpa_unregister_device(struct vdpa_device *vdev)
+{
+	device_unregister(&vdev->dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vdpa_unregister_device);
+
+/**
+ * __vdpa_register_driver - register a vDPA device driver
+ * @drv: the vdpa device driver to be registered
+ * @owner: module owner of the driver
+ *
+ * Returns an err when fail to do the registration
+ */
+int __vdpa_register_driver(struct vdpa_driver *drv, struct module *owner)
+{
+	drv->driver.bus = &vdpa_bus;
+	drv->driver.owner = owner;
+
+	return driver_register(&drv->driver);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__vdpa_register_driver);
+
+/**
+ * vdpa_unregister_driver - unregister a vDPA device driver
+ * @drv: the vdpa device driver to be unregistered
+ */
+void vdpa_unregister_driver(struct vdpa_driver *drv)
+{
+	driver_unregister(&drv->driver);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vdpa_unregister_driver);
+
+static int vdpa_init(void)
+{
+	return bus_register(&vdpa_bus);
+}
+
+static void __exit vdpa_exit(void)
+{
+	bus_unregister(&vdpa_bus);
+	ida_destroy(&vdpa_index_ida);
+}
+core_initcall(vdpa_init);
+module_exit(vdpa_exit);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");