arm64: Add workaround for Arm Cortex-A77 erratum 1508412

On Cortex-A77 r0p0 and r1p0, a sequence of a non-cacheable or device load
and a store exclusive or PAR_EL1 read can cause a deadlock.

The workaround requires a DMB SY before and after a PAR_EL1 register
read. In addition, it's possible an interrupt (doing a device read) or
KVM guest exit could be taken between the DMB and PAR read, so we
also need a DMB before returning from interrupt and before returning to
a guest.

A deadlock is still possible with the workaround as KVM guests must also
have the workaround. IOW, a malicious guest can deadlock an affected
systems.

This workaround also depends on a firmware counterpart to enable the h/w
to insert DMB SY after load and store exclusive instructions. See the
errata document SDEN-1152370 v10 [1] for more information.

[1] https://static.docs.arm.com/101992/0010/Arm_Cortex_A77_MP074_Software_Developer_Errata_Notice_v10.pdf

Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Julien Thierry <julien.thierry.kdev@gmail.com>
Cc: kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201028182839.166037-2-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>

Documentation/arm64/silicon-errata.rst

@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ stable kernels.
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Cortex-A76      | #1463225        | ARM64_ERRATUM_1463225       |
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
+| ARM            | Cortex-A77      | #1508412        | ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412       |
++----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Neoverse-N1     | #1188873,1418040| ARM64_ERRATUM_1418040       |
 +----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
 | ARM            | Neoverse-N1     | #1349291        | N/A                         |

arch/arm64/Kconfig

@@ -636,6 +636,26 @@ config ARM64_ERRATUM_1542419
 
 	  If unsure, say Y.
 
+config ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412
+	bool "Cortex-A77: 1508412: workaround deadlock on sequence of NC/Device load and store exclusive or PAR read"
+	default y
+	help
+	  This option adds a workaround for Arm Cortex-A77 erratum 1508412.
+
+	  Affected Cortex-A77 cores (r0p0, r1p0) could deadlock on a sequence
+	  of a store-exclusive or read of PAR_EL1 and a load with device or
+	  non-cacheable memory attributes. The workaround depends on a firmware
+	  counterpart.
+
+	  KVM guests must also have the workaround implemented or they can
+	  deadlock the system.
+
+	  Work around the issue by inserting DMB SY barriers around PAR_EL1
+	  register reads and warning KVM users. The DMB barrier is sufficient
+	  to prevent a speculative PAR_EL1 read.
+
+	  If unsure, say Y.
+
 config CAVIUM_ERRATUM_22375
 	bool "Cavium erratum 22375, 24313"
 	default y

arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h

@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
 #define ARM64_HAS_ARMv8_4_TTL			55
 #define ARM64_HAS_TLB_RANGE			56
 #define ARM64_MTE				57
+#define ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412		58
 
-#define ARM64_NCAPS				58
+#define ARM64_NCAPS				59
 
 #endif /* __ASM_CPUCAPS_H */

arch/arm64/include/asm/sysreg.h

@@ -1007,6 +1007,7 @@
 
 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
+#include <asm/alternative.h>
 
 #define __DEFINE_MRS_MSR_S_REGNUM				\
 "	.irp	num,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30\n" \
@@ -1095,6 +1096,14 @@
 		write_sysreg_s(__scs_new, sysreg);			\
 } while (0)
 
+#define read_sysreg_par() ({						\
+	u64 par;							\
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));	\
+	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);					\
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));	\
+	par;								\
+})
+
 #endif
 
 #endif	/* __ASM_SYSREG_H */

arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c

@@ -522,6 +522,16 @@ const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities arm64_errata[] = {
 		.matches = has_neoverse_n1_erratum_1542419,
 		.cpu_enable = cpu_enable_trap_ctr_access,
 	},
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_1508412
+	{
+		/* we depend on the firmware portion for correctness */
+		.desc = "ARM erratum 1508412 (kernel portion)",
+		.capability = ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412,
+		ERRATA_MIDR_RANGE(MIDR_CORTEX_A77,
+				  0, 0,
+				  1, 0),
+	},
 #endif
 	{
 	}

arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S

@@ -365,6 +365,9 @@ alternative_insn eret, nop, ARM64_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0
 	br	x30
 #endif
 	.else
+	/* Ensure any device/NC reads complete */
+	alternative_insn nop, "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412
+
 	eret
 	.endif
 	sb

arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c

@@ -1719,7 +1719,8 @@ int kvm_arch_init(void *opaque)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_DEVICE_LOAD_ACQUIRE))
+	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_DEVICE_LOAD_ACQUIRE) ||
+	    cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412))
 		kvm_info("Guests without required CPU erratum workarounds can deadlock system!\n" \
 			 "Only trusted guests should be used on this system.\n");
 

arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/switch.h

@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ static inline bool __translate_far_to_hpfar(u64 far, u64 *hpfar)
 	 * We do need to save/restore PAR_EL1 though, as we haven't
 	 * saved the guest context yet, and we may return early...
 	 */
-	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	par = read_sysreg_par();
 	if (!__kvm_at("s1e1r", far))
-		tmp = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+		tmp = read_sysreg_par();
 	else
 		tmp = SYS_PAR_EL1_F; /* back to the guest */
 	write_sysreg(par, par_el1);
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 	if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_WORKAROUND_CAVIUM_TX2_219_TVM) &&
 	    kvm_vcpu_trap_get_class(vcpu) == ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64 &&
 	    handle_tx2_tvm(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	/*
 	 * We trap the first access to the FP/SIMD to save the host context
@@ -431,13 +431,13 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 	 * Similarly for trapped SVE accesses.
 	 */
 	if (__hyp_handle_fpsimd(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (__hyp_handle_ptrauth(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (!__populate_fault_info(vcpu))
-		return true;
+		goto guest;
 
 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&vgic_v2_cpuif_trap)) {
 		bool valid;
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 			int ret = __vgic_v2_perform_cpuif_access(vcpu);
 
 			if (ret == 1)
-				return true;
+				goto guest;
 
 			/* Promote an illegal access to an SError.*/
 			if (ret == -1)
@@ -468,12 +468,17 @@ static inline bool fixup_guest_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *exit_code)
 		int ret = __vgic_v3_perform_cpuif_access(vcpu);
 
 		if (ret == 1)
-			return true;
+			goto guest;
 	}
 
 exit:
 	/* Return to the host kernel and handle the exit */
 	return false;
+
+guest:
+	/* Re-enter the guest */
+	asm(ALTERNATIVE("nop", "dmb sy", ARM64_WORKAROUND_1508412));
+	return true;
 }
 
 static inline void __kvm_unexpected_el2_exception(void)

arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/sysreg-sr.h

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ static inline void __sysreg_save_el1_state(struct kvm_cpu_context *ctxt)
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, CONTEXTIDR_EL1) = read_sysreg_el1(SYS_CONTEXTIDR);
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, AMAIR_EL1)	= read_sysreg_el1(SYS_AMAIR);
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, CNTKCTL_EL1)	= read_sysreg_el1(SYS_CNTKCTL);
-	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, PAR_EL1)	= read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, PAR_EL1)	= read_sysreg_par();
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, TPIDR_EL1)	= read_sysreg(tpidr_el1);
 
 	ctxt_sys_reg(ctxt, SP_EL1)	= read_sysreg(sp_el1);

arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/switch.c

@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ void __noreturn hyp_panic(void)
 {
 	u64 spsr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_SPSR);
 	u64 elr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_ELR);
-	u64 par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	u64 par = read_sysreg_par();
 	bool restore_host = true;
 	struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt;
 	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;

arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/vhe/switch.c

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ void __noreturn hyp_panic(void)
 {
 	u64 spsr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_SPSR);
 	u64 elr = read_sysreg_el2(SYS_ELR);
-	u64 par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	u64 par = read_sysreg_par();
 
 	__hyp_call_panic(spsr, elr, par);
 	unreachable();

arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static bool __vcpu_read_sys_reg_from_cpu(int reg, u64 *val)
 	case AMAIR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_AMAIR_EL12);	break;
 	case CNTKCTL_EL1:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_CNTKCTL_EL12);	break;
 	case ELR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_ELR_EL12);	break;
-	case PAR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_PAR_EL1);	break;
+	case PAR_EL1:		*val = read_sysreg_par();		break;
 	case DACR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_DACR32_EL2);	break;
 	case IFSR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_IFSR32_EL2);	break;
 	case DBGVCR32_EL2:	*val = read_sysreg_s(SYS_DBGVCR32_EL2);	break;

arch/arm64/mm/fault.c

@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ static bool __kprobes is_spurious_el1_translation_fault(unsigned long addr,
 	local_irq_save(flags);
 	asm volatile("at s1e1r, %0" :: "r" (addr));
 	isb();
-	par = read_sysreg(par_el1);
+	par = read_sysreg_par();
 	local_irq_restore(flags);
 
 	/*