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can: j1939: add tables for the CAN identifier and its fields
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Use table markup to show the structure of the CAN identifier, PGN, PDU1, and
PDU2 formats. Also add introductory sentence.

Signed-off-by: Yegor Yefremov <yegorslists@googlemail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201104155730.25196-1-yegorslists@googlemail.com
[mkl: removed trailing whitespace]
Signed-off-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
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Yegor Yefremov authored and Marc Kleine-Budde committed Nov 20, 2020
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Showing 1 changed file with 42 additions and 4 deletions.
46 changes: 42 additions & 4 deletions Documentation/networking/j1939.rst
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -69,18 +69,56 @@ J1939 concepts
PGN
---

The J1939 protocol uses the 29-bit CAN identifier with the following structure:

============ ============== ====================
29 bit CAN-ID
--------------------------------------------------
Bit positions within the CAN-ID
--------------------------------------------------
28 ... 26 25 ... 8 7 ... 0
============ ============== ====================
Priority PGN SA (Source Address)
============ ============== ====================

The PGN (Parameter Group Number) is a number to identify a packet. The PGN
is composed as follows:
1 bit : Reserved Bit
1 bit : Data Page
8 bits : PF (PDU Format)
8 bits : PS (PDU Specific)

============ ============== ================= =================
PGN
------------------------------------------------------------------
Bit positions within the CAN-ID
------------------------------------------------------------------
25 24 23 ... 16 15 ... 8
============ ============== ================= =================
R (Reserved) DP (Data Page) PF (PDU Format) PS (PDU Specific)
============ ============== ================= =================

In J1939-21 distinction is made between PDU1 format (where PF < 240) and PDU2
format (where PF >= 240). Furthermore, when using the PDU2 format, the PS-field
contains a so-called Group Extension, which is part of the PGN. When using PDU2
format, the Group Extension is set in the PS-field.

============== ========================
PDU1 Format (specific) (peer to peer)
----------------------------------------
Bit positions within the CAN-ID
----------------------------------------
23 ... 16 15 ... 8
============== ========================
00h ... EFh DA (Destination address)
============== ========================

============== ========================
PDU2 Format (global) (broadcast)
----------------------------------------
Bit positions within the CAN-ID
----------------------------------------
23 ... 16 15 ... 8
============== ========================
F0h ... FFh GE (Group Extenstion)
============== ========================

On the other hand, when using PDU1 format, the PS-field contains a so-called
Destination Address, which is _not_ part of the PGN. When communicating a PGN
from user space to kernel (or vice versa) and PDU2 format is used, the PS-field
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