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Jeff Garzik committed Mar 23, 2006
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions .gitignore
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Expand Up @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
#
# Top-level generic files
#
tags
vmlinux*
System.map
Module.symvers
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113 changes: 113 additions & 0 deletions Documentation/BUG-HUNTING
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@@ -1,3 +1,56 @@
Table of contents
=================

Last updated: 20 December 2005

Contents
========

- Introduction
- Devices not appearing
- Finding patch that caused a bug
-- Finding using git-bisect
-- Finding it the old way
- Fixing the bug

Introduction
============

Always try the latest kernel from kernel.org and build from source. If you are
not confident in doing that please report the bug to your distribution vendor
instead of to a kernel developer.

Finding bugs is not always easy. Have a go though. If you can't find it don't
give up. Report as much as you have found to the relevant maintainer. See
MAINTAINERS for who that is for the subsystem you have worked on.

Before you submit a bug report read REPORTING-BUGS.

Devices not appearing
=====================

Often this is caused by udev. Check that first before blaming it on the
kernel.

Finding patch that caused a bug
===============================



Finding using git-bisect
------------------------

Using the provided tools with git makes finding bugs easy provided the bug is
reproducible.

Steps to do it:
- start using git for the kernel source
- read the man page for git-bisect
- have fun

Finding it the old way
----------------------

[Sat Mar 2 10:32:33 PST 1996 KERNEL_BUG-HOWTO lm@sgi.com (Larry McVoy)]

This is how to track down a bug if you know nothing about kernel hacking.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -90,3 +143,63 @@ it does work and it lets non-hackers help fix bugs. And it is cool
because Linux snapshots will let you do this - something that you can't
do with vendor supplied releases.

Fixing the bug
==============

Nobody is going to tell you how to fix bugs. Seriously. You need to work it
out. But below are some hints on how to use the tools.

To debug a kernel, use objdump and look for the hex offset from the crash
output to find the valid line of code/assembler. Without debug symbols, you
will see the assembler code for the routine shown, but if your kernel has
debug symbols the C code will also be available. (Debug symbols can be enabled
in the kernel hacking menu of the menu configuration.) For example:

objdump -r -S -l --disassemble net/dccp/ipv4.o

NB.: you need to be at the top level of the kernel tree for this to pick up
your C files.

If you don't have access to the code you can also debug on some crash dumps
e.g. crash dump output as shown by Dave Miller.

> EIP is at ip_queue_xmit+0x14/0x4c0
> ...
> Code: 44 24 04 e8 6f 05 00 00 e9 e8 fe ff ff 8d 76 00 8d bc 27 00 00
> 00 00 55 57 56 53 81 ec bc 00 00 00 8b ac 24 d0 00 00 00 8b 5d 08
> <8b> 83 3c 01 00 00 89 44 24 14 8b 45 28 85 c0 89 44 24 18 0f 85
>
> Put the bytes into a "foo.s" file like this:
>
> .text
> .globl foo
> foo:
> .byte .... /* bytes from Code: part of OOPS dump */
>
> Compile it with "gcc -c -o foo.o foo.s" then look at the output of
> "objdump --disassemble foo.o".
>
> Output:
>
> ip_queue_xmit:
> push %ebp
> push %edi
> push %esi
> push %ebx
> sub $0xbc, %esp
> mov 0xd0(%esp), %ebp ! %ebp = arg0 (skb)
> mov 0x8(%ebp), %ebx ! %ebx = skb->sk
> mov 0x13c(%ebx), %eax ! %eax = inet_sk(sk)->opt

Another very useful option of the Kernel Hacking section in menuconfig is
Debug memory allocations. This will help you see whether data has been
initialised and not set before use etc. To see the values that get assigned
with this look at mm/slab.c and search for POISON_INUSE. When using this an
Oops will often show the poisoned data instead of zero which is the default.

Once you have worked out a fix please submit it upstream. After all open
source is about sharing what you do and don't you want to be recognised for
your genius?

Please do read Documentation/SubmittingPatches though to help your code get
accepted.
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware
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Expand Up @@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ sub vp7041 {
}

sub dibusb {
my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/dvb-dibusb-5.0.0.11.fw";
my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/dvb-usb-dibusb-5.0.0.11.fw";
my $outfile = "dvb-dibusb-5.0.0.11.fw";
my $hash = "fa490295a527360ca16dcdf3224ca243";

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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions Documentation/filesystems/isofs.txt
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Expand Up @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ when using discs encoded using Microsoft's Joliet extensions.
iocharset=name Character set to use for converting from Unicode to
ASCII. Joliet filenames are stored in Unicode format, but
Unix for the most part doesn't know how to deal with Unicode.
There is also an option of doing UTF8 translations with the
There is also an option of doing UTF-8 translations with the
utf8 option.
utf8 Encode Unicode names in UTF8 format. Default is no.
utf8 Encode Unicode names in UTF-8 format. Default is no.

Mount options unique to the isofs filesystem.
block=512 Set the block size for the disk to 512 bytes
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Documentation/filesystems/jfs.txt
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Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ The following mount options are supported:

iocharset=name Character set to use for converting from Unicode to
ASCII. The default is to do no conversion. Use
iocharset=utf8 for UTF8 translations. This requires
iocharset=utf8 for UTF-8 translations. This requires
CONFIG_NLS_UTF8 to be set in the kernel .config file.
iocharset=none specifies the default behavior explicitly.

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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt
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Expand Up @@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ iocharset=name -- Character set to use for converting between the
know how to deal with Unicode.
By default, FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET setting is used.

There is also an option of doing UTF8 translations
There is also an option of doing UTF-8 translations
with the utf8 option.

NOTE: "iocharset=utf8" is not recommended. If unsure,
you should consider the following option instead.

utf8=<bool> -- UTF8 is the filesystem safe version of Unicode that
utf8=<bool> -- UTF-8 is the filesystem safe version of Unicode that
is used by the console. It can be be enabled for the
filesystem with this option. If 'uni_xlate' gets set,
UTF8 gets disabled.
UTF-8 gets disabled.

uni_xlate=<bool> -- Translate unhandled Unicode characters to special
escaped sequences. This would let you backup and
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71 changes: 68 additions & 3 deletions Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt
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Expand Up @@ -513,6 +513,8 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.

This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.

The power-management is supported.

Module snd-ens1371
------------------

Expand All @@ -526,6 +528,8 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.

This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.

The power-management is supported.

Module snd-es968
----------------

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -671,6 +675,8 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.

model - force the model name
position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = FIFO size)
single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
codecs (for debugging only)

This module supports one card and autoprobe.

Expand All @@ -694,13 +700,34 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
asus 3-jack
uniwill 3-jack
F1734 2-jack
lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
$CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

ALC260
hp HP machines
fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
acer Acer TravelMate
basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

ALC262
fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

ALC882/883/885
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
6stck-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

ALC861
3stack 3-jack
3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

CMI9880
minimal 3-jack in back
Expand All @@ -710,6 +737,28 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)

AD1981
basic 3-jack (default)
hp HP nx6320

AD1986A
6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)

AD1988
6stack 6-jack
6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
3stack 3-jack
3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
auto auto-confgi reading BIOS (default)

STAC7661(?)
vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110

If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
matches with your device, report it together with the PCI
subsystem ID (output of "lspci -nv") to ALSA BTS or alsa-devel
Expand All @@ -723,6 +772,17 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
(Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
position buffer.)

NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
avoided as much as possible...

The power-management is supported.

Module snd-hdsp
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -802,6 +862,7 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
------------------

Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
Expand All @@ -810,6 +871,7 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
* TerraTec Phase 22
* TerraTec Phase 28
* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1LT
* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
* Pontis MS300
* Albatron K8X800 Pro II
Expand All @@ -820,9 +882,9 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
* Shuttle SN25P

model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy192, aureon51,
aureon71, universe, k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300,
av710
revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
prodigy192, aureon51, aureon71, universe,
k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300, av710

This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1353,6 +1415,9 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.

vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
- Influence depends on the device
- Default: 0x0000

This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.

Expand Down
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