Merge branch 'btf2c-converter'

Andrii Nakryiko says:

====================
This patch set adds BTF-to-C dumping APIs to libbpf, allowing to output
a subset of BTF types as a compilable C type definitions. This is useful by
itself, as raw BTF output is not easy to inspect and comprehend. But it's also
a big part of BPF CO-RE (compile once - run everywhere) initiative aimed at
allowing to write relocatable BPF programs, that won't require on-the-host
kernel headers (and would be able to inspect internal kernel structures, not
exposed through kernel headers).

This patch set consists of three groups of patches and one pre-patch, with the
BTF-to-C dumper API depending on the first two groups.

Pre-patch #1 fixes issue with libbpf_internal.h.

btf__parse_elf() API patches:
- patch #2 adds btf__parse_elf() API to libbpf, allowing to load BTF and/or
  BTF.ext from ELF file;
- patch #3 utilizies btf__parse_elf() from bpftool for `btf dump file` command;
- patch #4 switches test_btf.c to use btf__parse_elf() to check for presence
  of BTF data in object file.

libbpf's internal hashmap patches:
- patch #5 adds resizeable non-thread safe generic hashmap to libbpf;
- patch #6 adds tests for that hashmap;
- patch #7 migrates btf_dedup()'s dedup_table to use hashmap w/ APPEND.

BTF-to-C dumper API patches:
- patch #8 adds btf_dump APIs with all the logic for laying out type
  definitions in correct order and emitting C syntax for them;
- patch #9 adds lots of tests for common and quirky parts of C type system;
- patch #10 adds support for C-syntax btf dumping to bpftool;
- patch #11 updates bpftool documentation to mention C-syntax dump option;
- patch #12 update bash-completion for btf dump sub-command.

v2->v3:
- fix bpftool-btf.rst formatting (Quentin);
- simplify bash autocompletion script (Quentin);
- better error message in btf dump (Quentin);

v1->v2:
- removed unuseful file header (Jakub);
- removed inlines in .c (Jakub);
- added 'format {c|raw}' keyword/option (Jakub);
- re-use i var for iteration in btf_dump_c() (Jakub);
- bumped libbpf version to 0.0.4;

v0->v1:
- fix bug in hashmap__for_each_bucket_entry() not handling empty hashmap;
- removed `btf dump`-specific libbpf logging hook up (Quentin has more generic
  patchset);
- change btf__parse_elf() to always load .BTF and return it as a result, with
  .BTF.ext being optional and returned through struct btf_ext** arg (Alexei);
- endianness check to use __BYTE_ORDER__ (Alexei);
- bool:1 to __u8:1 in type_aux_state (Alexei);
- added HASHMAP_APPEND strategy to hashmap, changed
  hashmap__for_each_key_entry() to also check for key equality during
  iteration (multimap iteration for key);
- added new tests for empty hashmap and hashmap as a multimap;
- tried to clarify weak/strong dependency ordering comments (Alexei)
- btf dump test's expected output - support better commenting aproach (Alexei);
- added bash-completion for a new "c" option (Alexei).
====================

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

tools/bpf/bpftool/Documentation/bpftool-btf.rst

@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 BTF COMMANDS
 =============
 
-|	**bpftool** **btf dump** *BTF_SRC*
+|	**bpftool** **btf dump** *BTF_SRC* [**format** *FORMAT*]
 |	**bpftool** **btf help**
 |
 |	*BTF_SRC* := { **id** *BTF_ID* | **prog** *PROG* | **map** *MAP* [{**key** | **value** | **kv** | **all**}] | **file** *FILE* }
+|	*FORMAT* := { **raw** | **c** }
 |	*MAP* := { **id** *MAP_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* }
 |	*PROG* := { **id** *PROG_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* | **tag** *PROG_TAG* }
 
@@ -31,23 +32,27 @@ DESCRIPTION
 	**bpftool btf dump** *BTF_SRC*
 		  Dump BTF entries from a given *BTF_SRC*.
 
-                  When **id** is specified, BTF object with that ID will be
-                  loaded and all its BTF types emitted.
+		  When **id** is specified, BTF object with that ID will be
+		  loaded and all its BTF types emitted.
 
-                  When **map** is provided, it's expected that map has
-                  associated BTF object with BTF types describing key and
-                  value. It's possible to select whether to dump only BTF
-                  type(s) associated with key (**key**), value (**value**),
-                  both key and value (**kv**), or all BTF types present in
-                  associated BTF object (**all**). If not specified, **kv**
-                  is assumed.
+		  When **map** is provided, it's expected that map has
+		  associated BTF object with BTF types describing key and
+		  value. It's possible to select whether to dump only BTF
+		  type(s) associated with key (**key**), value (**value**),
+		  both key and value (**kv**), or all BTF types present in
+		  associated BTF object (**all**). If not specified, **kv**
+		  is assumed.
 
-                  When **prog** is provided, it's expected that program has
-                  associated BTF object with BTF types.
+		  When **prog** is provided, it's expected that program has
+		  associated BTF object with BTF types.
 
-                  When specifying *FILE*, an ELF file is expected, containing
-                  .BTF section with well-defined BTF binary format data,
-                  typically produced by clang or pahole.
+		  When specifying *FILE*, an ELF file is expected, containing
+		  .BTF section with well-defined BTF binary format data,
+		  typically produced by clang or pahole.
+
+		  **format** option can be used to override default (raw)
+		  output format. Raw (**raw**) or C-syntax (**c**) output
+		  formats are supported.
 
 	**bpftool btf help**
 		  Print short help message.

tools/bpf/bpftool/bash-completion/bpftool

@@ -638,11 +638,24 @@ _bpftool()
                             esac
                             return 0
                             ;;
+                        format)
+                            COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "c raw" -- "$cur" ) )
+                            ;;
                         *)
-                            if [[ $cword == 6 ]] && [[ ${words[3]} == "map" ]]; then
-                                 COMPREPLY+=( $( compgen -W 'key value kv all' -- \
-                                     "$cur" ) )
-                            fi
+                            # emit extra options
+                            case ${words[3]} in
+                                id|file)
+                                    _bpftool_once_attr 'format'
+                                    ;;
+                                map|prog)
+                                    if [[ ${words[3]} == "map" ]] && [[ $cword == 6 ]]; then
+                                        COMPREPLY+=( $( compgen -W "key value kv all" -- "$cur" ) )
+                                    fi
+                                    _bpftool_once_attr 'format'
+                                    ;;
+                                *)
+                                    ;;
+                            esac
                             return 0
                             ;;
                     esac

tools/bpf/bpftool/btf.c

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <gelf.h>
 #include <bpf.h>
+#include <libbpf.h>
 #include <linux/btf.h>
 
 #include "btf.h"
@@ -340,109 +340,40 @@ static int dump_btf_raw(const struct btf *btf,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static bool check_btf_endianness(GElf_Ehdr *ehdr)
+static void __printf(2, 0) btf_dump_printf(void *ctx,
+					   const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
-	static unsigned int const endian = 1;
-
-	switch (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
-	case ELFDATA2LSB:
-		return *(unsigned char const *)&endian == 1;
-	case ELFDATA2MSB:
-		return *(unsigned char const *)&endian == 0;
-	default:
-		return 0;
-	}
+	vfprintf(stdout, fmt, args);
 }
 
-static int btf_load_from_elf(const char *path, struct btf **btf)
+static int dump_btf_c(const struct btf *btf,
+		      __u32 *root_type_ids, int root_type_cnt)
 {
-	int err = -1, fd = -1, idx = 0;
-	Elf_Data *btf_data = NULL;
-	Elf_Scn *scn = NULL;
-	Elf *elf = NULL;
-	GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
-
-	if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
-		p_err("failed to init libelf for %s", path);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	elf = elf_begin(fd, ELF_C_READ, NULL);
-	if (!elf) {
-		p_err("failed to open %s as ELF file", path);
-		goto done;
-	}
-	if (!gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr)) {
-		p_err("failed to get EHDR from %s", path);
-		goto done;
-	}
-	if (!check_btf_endianness(&ehdr)) {
-		p_err("non-native ELF endianness is not supported");
-		goto done;
-	}
-	if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, ehdr.e_shstrndx), NULL)) {
-		p_err("failed to get e_shstrndx from %s\n", path);
-		goto done;
-	}
+	struct btf_dump *d;
+	int err = 0, i;
 
-	while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
-		GElf_Shdr sh;
-		char *name;
+	d = btf_dump__new(btf, NULL, NULL, btf_dump_printf);
+	if (IS_ERR(d))
+		return PTR_ERR(d);
 
-		idx++;
-		if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh) {
-			p_err("failed to get section(%d) header from %s",
-			      idx, path);
-			goto done;
-		}
-		name = elf_strptr(elf, ehdr.e_shstrndx, sh.sh_name);
-		if (!name) {
-			p_err("failed to get section(%d) name from %s",
-			      idx, path);
-			goto done;
-		}
-		if (strcmp(name, BTF_ELF_SEC) == 0) {
-			btf_data = elf_getdata(scn, 0);
-			if (!btf_data) {
-				p_err("failed to get section(%d, %s) data from %s",
-				      idx, name, path);
+	if (root_type_cnt) {
+		for (i = 0; i < root_type_cnt; i++) {
+			err = btf_dump__dump_type(d, root_type_ids[i]);
+			if (err)
 				goto done;
-			}
-			break;
 		}
-	}
-
-	if (!btf_data) {
-		p_err("%s ELF section not found in %s", BTF_ELF_SEC, path);
-		goto done;
-	}
+	} else {
+		int cnt = btf__get_nr_types(btf);
 
-	*btf = btf__new(btf_data->d_buf, btf_data->d_size);
-	if (IS_ERR(*btf)) {
-		err = PTR_ERR(*btf);
-		*btf = NULL;
-		p_err("failed to load BTF data from %s: %s",
-		      path, strerror(err));
-		goto done;
+		for (i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) {
+			err = btf_dump__dump_type(d, i);
+			if (err)
+				goto done;
+		}
 	}
 
-	err = 0;
 done:
-	if (err) {
-		if (*btf) {
-			btf__free(*btf);
-			*btf = NULL;
-		}
-	}
-	if (elf)
-		elf_end(elf);
-	close(fd);
+	btf_dump__free(d);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -451,6 +382,7 @@ static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
 	__u32 root_type_ids[2];
 	int root_type_cnt = 0;
+	bool dump_c = false;
 	__u32 btf_id = -1;
 	const char *src;
 	int fd = -1;
@@ -522,16 +454,44 @@ static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 		NEXT_ARG();
 	} else if (is_prefix(src, "file")) {
-		err = btf_load_from_elf(*argv, &btf);
-		if (err)
+		btf = btf__parse_elf(*argv, NULL);
+		if (IS_ERR(btf)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(btf);
+			btf = NULL;
+			p_err("failed to load BTF from %s: %s", 
+			      *argv, strerror(err));
 			goto done;
+		}
 		NEXT_ARG();
 	} else {
 		err = -1;
 		p_err("unrecognized BTF source specifier: '%s'", src);
 		goto done;
 	}
 
+	while (argc) {
+		if (is_prefix(*argv, "format")) {
+			NEXT_ARG();
+			if (argc < 1) {
+				p_err("expecting value for 'format' option\n");
+				goto done;
+			}
+			if (strcmp(*argv, "c") == 0) {
+				dump_c = true;
+			} else if (strcmp(*argv, "raw") == 0) {
+				dump_c = false;
+			} else {
+				p_err("unrecognized format specifier: '%s', possible values: raw, c",
+				      *argv);
+				goto done;
+			}
+			NEXT_ARG();
+		} else {
+			p_err("unrecognized option: '%s'", *argv);
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (!btf) {
 		err = btf__get_from_id(btf_id, &btf);
 		if (err) {
@@ -545,7 +505,16 @@ static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
 		}
 	}
 
-	dump_btf_raw(btf, root_type_ids, root_type_cnt);
+	if (dump_c) {
+		if (json_output) {
+			p_err("JSON output for C-syntax dump is not supported");
+			err = -ENOTSUP;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		err = dump_btf_c(btf, root_type_ids, root_type_cnt);
+	} else {
+		err = dump_btf_raw(btf, root_type_ids, root_type_cnt);
+	}
 
 done:
 	close(fd);
@@ -561,10 +530,11 @@ static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr,
-		"Usage: %s btf dump BTF_SRC\n"
+		"Usage: %s btf dump BTF_SRC [format FORMAT]\n"
 		"       %s btf help\n"
 		"\n"
 		"       BTF_SRC := { id BTF_ID | prog PROG | map MAP [{key | value | kv | all}] | file FILE }\n"
+		"       FORMAT  := { raw | c }\n"
 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS "\n"

tools/lib/bpf/Build

@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-libbpf-y := libbpf.o bpf.o nlattr.o btf.o libbpf_errno.o str_error.o netlink.o bpf_prog_linfo.o libbpf_probes.o xsk.o
+libbpf-y := libbpf.o bpf.o nlattr.o btf.o libbpf_errno.o str_error.o \
+	    netlink.o bpf_prog_linfo.o libbpf_probes.o xsk.o hashmap.o \
+	    btf_dump.o